Research Article

Is Cut-Flower Industry Promotion by the Government Negatively Affecting Pollinator Biodiversity and Environmental/Human Health in Uganda?

Table 3

General linear model (GLM) for exploring the effects of the flower farm type (location), the intensity of agrochemical (fertilizers/pesticides) applications per flower farm, landscape vegetation types, and the distance at which the sampling transect was set (spatial scale) in explaining the patterns of variability in bee biodiversity inhabiting habitats surrounding major flower farms found in central Uganda.

ResponsesFixed factorsdf value value

Bee species richnessIntensity of agrochemical applications (3,33)1.93 0.142
Flower farm name (location) (3,33)2.94 0.048
Landscape vegetation types (1,33)4.30 0.047
Transects (4,33)3.88 0.012

Bee abundancesIntensity of agrochemical applications (3,33)9.881 0.000
Flower farm name (location) (3,33)13.94 0.000
Landscape vegetation types (1,33)2.361 0.135
Transects (4,33)4.070.009

Bee visitation frequency Intensity of agrochemical applications (3,33)8.02 0.000
Flower farm name (location) (3,33)11.120.000
Landscape vegetation types (1,33)0.09 0.773
Transects (4,33)4.42 0.006

Blooming plants abundance Intensity of agrochemical applications (3,33)0.64 0.595
Flower farm name (location) (3,33)1.69 0.190
Landscape vegetation types (1,33)5.27 0.029
Transects (4,33)13.80 0.000

Blooming plant species richness Intensity of agrochemical applications (3,33)0.7110.598
Flower farm name (location) (3,33)0.7780.541
Landscape vegetation types (1,33)2.4150.018
Transects (4,33)3.3310.0016

Nests and nesting sites density (abundance) on transects Intensity of agrochemical applications (3,33)2.7430.033
Flower farm name (location) (3,33)2.5680.044
Landscape vegetation types (1,33)2.7960.027
Transects (4,33)23.120.000