Dynamic of Plant Composition and Regeneration following Windthrow in a Temperate Beech Forest

Table 2

Mean rate of plant coverage and regeneration density in PM and under closed canopy.

	Species	Young				Medium				Adult				Old				Average
		P	M	PM	CC	P	M	PM	CC	P	M	PM	CC	P	M	PM	CC	P	M	PM	CC
Herbal layer	Carex acutiformis L.	6.3	0	6.3	0	0.6	10.2	10.8	0	0.8	0	0.8	0	0	0	0	0	1.92	2.55	4.47	0
	Rubus caesius L.	10.3	8.5	18.8	0	9.5	5	14.5	0	29.6	63.3	92.9	2.3	0.83	1	1.83	2.2	12.55	19.45	32	1.1
	Pteris cretica L.	1	1	2	1.3	0	0	0	0	0	0.83	0.83	1	2.1	0	2.1	0	0.25	0.45	0.70	0.57
	Asperula odorata L.	0	9.5	9.5	1.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.37	2.37	0.4
	Conyza bonariensis L.	0	2.8	2.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2.1	0	0.95	0.95	0.52
	Lamium album L.	0.83	0.8	1.03	0	0.6	0.8	1.4	2.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.98	0.4	1.38	0.52
	Oplismenus undulatifolius P.	1	0.83	1.83	6.3	0.8	0	0.8	0	0.5	0	0.5	0	0	0	0	0	0.57	0.2	0.77	1.57
	Viola odorata L.	1.6	0	1.6	5.5	0	0	0	8.6	0.3	0	0.3	2.1	0	8	8	2.1	0.47	2	2.47	4.57
	Ruscus hyrcanus L.	0	0	0	0.5	1	0	1	0	9.3	0	9.3	0	0	0	0	7.3	2.57	0	2.57	1.95
	Phyllitis scolopendrium L.	6	0	6	6	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.75	0	1.75	1.75
	Solanum kieseritzki L.	0.5	2.1	2.6	0.5	0.5	0	0.5	2.1	0	6	6	0	0.5	0	0.5	0	0.37	2.25	2.62	0.65
	Epimedium pinnatum L.	0	0	0	0.8	0	0.5	0.5	0	0.6	1	1.6	0	0	0	0	0.6	0.15	0.37	0.52	0.35
	Danae racemosa L.	0.9	0.8	1.7	0.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.22	0.2	0.42	0.07
	Hedera pastuchovii Woron. Ex	0.6	0.5	1.1	0	0	2.3	2.3	0.5	8	0	8	0	0	0	0	0	0.35	0.7	1.05	0.12
	Sambucus ebulus L.	2.5	0	2.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.62	0	0.62	0
	Brachypodium pinnatum L.	1.2	0	1.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.3	0	0.3	0
	Hyperium ondrosaemus L.	1.2	0		1.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.5	0	0	0	0.5	0.3	0	0.3	0.57
	Equisetum ramosissimum L.	0	0	0	1.3	0	0	0	0.8	0	0	0	1.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	o.85
	Euphorbia amygdaloides L.	0.6	0	0.6	1.2	0	0	0	2.1	0	0	0	0	2.1	0.63	2.73	0	0.2	0.57	0.77	0.82
	Pteridium aquilinum L.	0	0	0	1.5	0	0	0	0.8	0	1.2	1.2	0.8	0	0	0	0	0	0.85	0.85	0.77
	Cyclamen coum L.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.82	0.82	0
	Primula heterochroma L.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.6	0	0	0	0.8	0	0	0	0	0	0.77	0.77	0.35
Regeneration layer	Diospyros lotus L.	5.6	1.6	7.2	0.8	0.8	0.4	1.2	1.5	0	0	0	0	1.2	0.6	1.26	0.2	1.9	2.15	4.05	2.35
	Carpinus betulus L.	4.8	1	5.8	6.6	11	0.6	11.6	6.6	2.6	1.6	4.2	1.2	0.6	1.4	2	7.8	4.75	1.15	5.9	5.55
	Fagus orientalis L.	6.6	0.8	7.4	21.6	36.2	3	39.2	24.6	8	3	11	32.6	0.6	4.4	5	12.8	11.95	2.8	14.75	22.9
	Acer insigne B.	4.4	1.4	5.8	3.4	4.8	1	5.8	2.8	0.2	0	0.2	0.8	0.6	0	0.6	2	2.5	2.6	5.1	2.85
	Parrotia persica DC.	0	0	0	0	0.2	0	0.2	1	1	1	2	2.8	1.6	2.8	4.4	1	0.7	0.95	1.65	1.2
	Albizia julibrissin Durazz.	7.6	1.6	8.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.09	0.4	1.49	0
	Acer cappadocicum B.	0	0	0	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.285
	Ficus carica L.	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.25	0.25	0.25
	Prunus persica L.	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.25
	Ulmus glabra Huds.	0	3	3	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.75	0.75	0.75

P: pit; M: mound; PM: pit-mound; CC: closed canopy.