Response of Yield and Yield Components of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] to Tillage, Nutrient, and Weed Management Practices in Dura Area, Northern Ethiopia

Table 2

Separate and interaction effects of tillage, fertilizer, and weed control treatments on yield and yield components of tef crop in 2008 crop season.

Treatment	TL	PH (cm)	PL (cm)	GY (t ha^−1)	AGB (t ha^−1)	HI
Tillage (T)
Conventional tillage (6 times passes) = T1	4.5^b	84^b	15^b	1.2^b	5.0^b	0.24^b
Four times tillage passes = T2	5.6^a	98^a	19^a	1.6^a	5.7^a	0.28^a
Reduced tillage (single tillage pass) = T3	4.3^b	72^c	14^b	1.0^b	4.8^b	0.21^c
Fertilizer (F)
No fertilizer = F1	4.5^b	68^c	14^c	0.82^d	4.0^d	0.21^a
23 kg N ha^−1 = F2	6.3^a	85^b	18^b	1.1^bc	6.2^b	0.18^b
23 kg N ha^−1 and 10 kg P ha^−1 = F3	6.7^a	102^a	21^a	1.7^a	7.2^a	0.24^a
23 kg N ha^−1 and 2.5 t ha^−1 manure = F4	6.5^a	88^b	19^b	1.3^b	6.3^b	0.21^a
2.5 t ha^−1 manure = F5	6.2^a	87^b	18^b	1.0^c	5.9^c	0.17^b
Weed control practices (W)
Hand weeding = W1	6.5^a	93^a	20^a	1.6^a	5.4^a	0.30^a
2,4D at 0.75 kg ha^−1 at five-leaf stage = W2	6.0^a	88^b	18^b	1.3^b	4.5^b	0.29^ab
2,4D at 0.75 kg ha^−1 at six-leaf stage = W3	5.3^b	85^b	15^c	1.0^c	4.0^c	0.25^c
2,4D at 150 kg ha^−1 at five-leaf stage = W4	5.5^b	86^b	15^c	1.1^c	4.1^c	0.27^bc
2,4D at 150 kg ha^−1 at six-leaf stage = W5	4.7^c	81^c	13^d	0.98^c	3.7^d	0.26^c
Interaction
T × F	*	*	**	**	**	*
T × W	*	*	*	*	*	*
F × W	*	*	ns	*	*	ns
T × F × W	*	**	**	**	**	*

Means within columns with different letters are significantly different at 𝑃≤0.05.
∗Significant at the 0.05 probability level; ∗∗significant at the 0.01 probability level; ns: nonsignificant at 𝑃>0.05.
× indicates interaction; TL: tiller number per plant; PH: plant height; PL: panicle length; GY, grain yield; AGB: above ground biomass yield; HI: harvest index (—).