Removal of Hardness of Earth Alkaline Metals from Aqueous Solutions by Ion Exchange Method

Table 1

Manufacturer data of the resin [28].

(a) The properties of the resin, Amberlite IR 120 [Na⁺]

Physical form	Amber spherical beads
Matrix	Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer
Functional group	Sulfonate
Ionic form as shipped	Na^+
Total exchange capacity	>2.00 eq/L (Na^+ form)
Moisture holding capacity	45 to 50% (Na^+ form)
Shipping weight	840 g/L
Uniformity coefficient	<1.9
Harmonic mean size	0.600 to 0.800 mm
<0.300 mm	2% max
Maximum reversible swelling	Na^+→H^+<11%

(b) Suggested operating conditions of the resin

Maximum operating temperature	135°C
Minimum bed depth	700 mm
Service flow rate	5 to 40 BV/h
Regenerant	HCI	H2SO4	NaCI
Level (g/L)	50 to 150	60 to 240	80 to 250
Concentration (%)	5 to 8	0.7 to 6	10
Minimum contact time	30 minutes
Slow rinse	2 BV at regeneration flow rate
Fast rinse	2 to 4 BV at service flow rate