Industrial Fungal Enzymes: An Occupational Allergen Perspective

Table 2

Fungal enzymes associated with occupational sensitization and asthma in occupational environments.

Fungal Order	Fungal species	Allergen	Putative function	Calculated size (kDa)	Accession number	Patient reactivity	Occupational environment	Reference
Ascomycota
Diaporthales	Cryphonectria parasitica	Cry p AP	Aspartic protease	43	X63351	5.7%^†	Food processing	[11]
Eurotiales	Aspergillus niger	Asp n 14*	Beta-xylosidase	105	AF108944	4–11%^††	Bakers, textile, detergent, animal feed	[12–15]
		Asp n 25*	3-phytase B (phosphatase)	84	L20567	37%^††	Animal feed	[16, 17]
		Asp n glucoamylase	Glucoamylase	68	X00548, AM270061	5–19%^†; 63%^††	Bakers	[10, 13, 18]
		Asp n hemicellulase	Hemicellulase	22.6	A19535	8–43%^†; 100^††	Bakers	[19–21]
	Aspergillus oryzae	Asp o 21*	TAKA-amylase A	53	X12725, X12727, M33218, D00434	0.9–35%^† 1–32%^††	Bakers, pharmaceutical	[12, 20–37]
		Asp o lactase	Lactase		AP007164	29%–31^†	Pharmaceutical	[38–40]
		Asp o lipase	Lipase			SR	Detergent	[41]
	Thermomyces lanuginosus (Humicola lanuginosa)	The l lipase	Lipase	32	EU370914, AF054513	3%^††	Detergent, food processing	[42]
Hypocreales	Trichoderma viride	Tri v cellulase	Cellulase	42	EF602036	35%^††
	Trichoderma reesei	Tri rs cellulase	Cellulase	48	AY928809	13%^†	Biotechnology	[43]
Sordariales	Humicola insolens	Hum in cellulase	Cellulase	45	P56680	SR	Detergent	[41]
Zygomycota
Mucorales	Rhizomucor miehei	Rhi m AP	Aspartic protease	46	M18411	28.6%^†	Food processing	[11]
	Rhizopus oryzae	Rhi o lipase	Lipase	42	M38352, AB433531, AF229435	SR	Pharmaceutical	[44]

Adapted from the IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee, Allergome (http://www.allergome.org/), and [45].
*Denotes allergens deposited to the IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee.
SR: Patients with a positive SPT or specific IgE.
—^†Denotes that patients were tested with SPT.
—^††Denotes that patients were serologically screened using Pharmacia UniCap, Rast, or Immunoblot.