Enhancement of Methacholine-Evoked Tracheal Contraction Induced by Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides Depends on Epithelium and Tumor Necrosis Factor
Figure 2
LPS-enhanced methacholine response of isolated trachea depends on intact epithelium and endogenous TNF. (a) Tracheal segments from C57BL/6 mice were incubated with (a) LPS (5 μg/mL-90 min) in the presence (filled circle) or in the absence of epithelium (open circle). Control tissues were obtained by incubating tracheas with saline in the presence (filled triangle) or absence (open triangle) of epithelium (b) LPS (5 μg/mL-90 min) in the presence (filled circle) or in the absence of anti-TNF antibody (open circle). Control tissues were obtained by incubating tracheas with saline in the absence of TNF. All segments used in Figure (b) presented epithelium. The contractile response to increasing concentration of methacholine was recorded using a myograph. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM and are representative of 5–8 experiments (two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's Multiple Comparison Test. ***; ** as compared to control).
