Pathogenic Mechanisms and In Vitro Diagnosis of AERD

Table 3

Selected characteristics and suggestion for use of tests described in vitro diagnosis. ASPI Test: aspirin-sensitive patients identification test, BAT: basophile activation test, CAST: cellular antigen stimulation test, EBCET: exhaled breast condensate eicosanoid testing, Flow-CAST: flowcytometric assay and CAST, HRT: histamine release test, FET functional eicosanoid testing and typing, LTT: lymphocyte transformation test, MNLT: mediators of nasal lavage test, PAT: platelet aggregation test, SIgNT: serum-specific immunoglobulin E against NSAIDs test, SPT: serum-PGF_2α test; LT: leukotrienes, PG: prostaglandin, CD: cluster of differentiation, HETE: hydroy-eicosatetraenoic acid; SE: sensitivity, SP: specificity; PPV: positive predictive value, NPV: negative predictive value; n.v.d.: no values described — not suggested, (—) suggested, actually not in use, ? suggested upon further validation, (+) suggested with restrictions, + suggested.

In vitro test	Test parameter	Test sample	SE(%)	SP (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)	Suggestion for in vitro diagnosis
SIgNT	IgE, IgG	serum	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	—
HRT	histamine	culture medium, PBLs	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	—
LTT	proliferation	lymphocytes	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	—
PAT	aggregation	platelets	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	(—)
SPT	PGF2α	serum	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	?
MNLT	MCP-3, RANTES	nasal lavage	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	—
EBCET	8-isoprostane	exhaled breast condensate	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	?
CAST	cysLT	culture medium, basophiles	41–82	82–100	~96	~78	(—)
BAT	CD63, CD203	culture medium, basophiles	60–70	<90	~95	~56	(—)
Flow-CAST	cysLT, CD63	basophiles	~10–67	~75–100	n.v.d.	n.v.d.	(+)
ASPI Test	15-HETE	culture medium, PBLs	63–83	>50–82	79	86	?
FET	PGE2, pLT	culture medium, PBLs	96 (64–98)	83 (82–89)	90 (70–96)	93 (69–98)	+