Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis with Ectoine Containing Nasal Spray and Eye Drops in Comparison with Azelastine Containing Nasal Spray and Eye Drops or with Cromoglycic Acid Containing Nasal Spray

Table 11

Comparison of the current study 1 with other azelastine studies.

Study	Treatment	% improvement from; baseline to end of; treatment
		TNSS	TOSS
Current study 1^1	Ectoine	58.85	45.96
	Azelastine	57.11	44.98
Current study 1^2	Ectoine	24.68	19.57
	Azelastine	35.26	11.81
Lumry et al. 2007 (study 1)^3 [18]	Azelastine	14.1	n.d.
	Placebo	4.5	n.d.
Lumry et al. 2007 (study 2)^3 [18]	Azelastine	22.1	n.d.
	Placebo	12.0	n.d.
Shah et al.^4 [19]	Azelastine 0.1%	24.4	n.d.
	Azelastine 0.15%	29.7	n.d.
	Placebo	12.0	n.d.
Howland et al.^5 [20]	Azelastine 0.15%	19.3	16.7
	Placebo	11.4	6.0
Van Bavel et al.^6 [21]	Azelastine 0.15%	18.7	n.d.
	Placebo	10.5	n.d.
Falser et al.^7 [22]	Azelastine	83.56*	n.d.
	Levocabastine	70.42*	n.d.
Charpin et al.^8 [23]	Azelastine	60.2	65.0
	Cetirizine (tablet)	63.3	60.8

1Physicians assessment; ²patients’ assessment; ³one spray of 0.1% azelastine nasal spray per nostril twice daily for 14 days; ⁴two sprays of 0.1% or 0.15% azelastine nasal spray per nostril twice daily for 14 days; ⁵two sprays of 0.15% azelastine nasal spray per nostril once daily for 14 days; ⁶two sprays of 0.15% azelastine nasal spray per nostril once daily for 2 weeks; ⁷azelastine 1.12 mg/day and levocabastine 0.4 mg/day nasal spray administered twice daily for 4 weeks, ∗TNSS: sneezing, nasal itching, and rhinorrhoea; ⁸one spray of 0.1% azelastine nasal spray per nostril twice daily for 14 days. n.d.: not determined.