Applying Hybrid PSO to Optimize Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination in Variable Network Topologies

Table 4

Primary/backup relay pairs and the fault currents after the removal of Line 65.

P/B relay pairs		Near-end fault current (A)		Far-end fault current (A)
Primary relay no.	Backup relay no.	Primary relay	Backup relay	Primary relay	Backup relay
1	6	2990	2990	940	940
8	9	6130	1320	3130	1080
8	7	6130	1780	3130	433
2	1	5760	939	4320	705
9	10	1430	1430	1320	1320
2	7	5760	1780	4320	1340
3	2	4320	4320	3520	3520
10	11	1540	0	1430	0
6	14	5480	2440	2990	433
13	8	3130	3130	1290	1290
14	9	5290	1320	2450	1130
14	1	5290	939	2450	1290*
7	13	4320	1290	1780	939*
4	3	5060	3520	4000	2790

^∗Passing through DOCRs fault current flow reverse direction.