A Dynamic Model of the Tragedy of the Commons in Marketing-Intensive Industries

Figure 2

Experimental example. Here, 𝛼=0.7, 𝛽=0.9, 𝐾=10, and ℎ=1. The initial point is 𝑃₀=70 and 𝑀₀=50 with 𝑁=100 and 𝑀=100. Arrows show the directions of the migration of the system state. The system state moves toward the origin after leaving the initial point. Interestingly, however, there is a loop starting from near the origin. The presence of the loops implies a cycle in the system behavior.