Influence of Digestion Procedure and Residual Carbon on Manganese, Copper, and Zinc Determination in Herbal Matrices by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Table 1

Selected digestion methods and metal recoveries reported for manganese, zinc, and copper as determined by AAS or ICP at concentrations commonly observed in plant matrices.

Digestion method	Reagents	Detection technique	Reported recoveries in (%)			References
			Mn	Zn	Cu
Microwave-assisted digestion	HNO3/H2O2	ICP-OES	95	99	97	Araújo et al. [17]
Microwave-assisted digestion	HNO3/H2O2	ICP-OES	110	107	94	Barbosa et al. [18]
Microwave digestion	HNO3/HClO4/HCl	ICP-AES	97	96	107	Başgel and Erdemoğlu [19]
Wet digestion	HNO3/H2O2	AAS	101	108	100	Bielicka-Giełdoń and Ryłko [20]
Microwave digestion	HNO3/H2O2	FAAS	96	102	98	Demirel et al. [2]
Wet digestion	HNO3/H2O2		95	95	95
Dry ashing	HNO3		94	92	94
Open-vessel, microwave digestion	HNO3/H2O2	ICP-AES	105	95	77	Huang et al. [21]
Dry ashing	HNO3/HF	ICP-AES	102	105	97	Hoenig et al. [4]
Microwave digestion	HNO3/H2O2	ICP-OES	—	89.6	—	Kula et al. [22]
Microwave; digestion	HNO3/H2O2/H2SO4	AAS	94	117	—	Naeem et al. [23]
Dry ashing	HNO3	AAS	97	96	97	Tüzen [24]
Wet digestion	HNO3/HCl		99	97	95
Microwave digestion	HNO3/H2O2		100	99	103
Dry ashing	HNO3	FAAS	97	96	96	Soylak et al. [25]
Wet digestion	HNO3/H2O2		98	97	97
Microwave digestion	HNO3/H2O2		98	100	101
Microwave-assisted digestion	HNO3, HF, HClO4, H2O2	AAS	—	95	100	Sastre et al. [26]

Metal contents in [µg g⁻¹] accompanied by their standard deviations as determined in original publications are given in square brackets below the recovery values.