Geographical Characterization of Tunisian Olive Tree Leaves (cv. Chemlali) Using HPLC-ESI-TOF and IT/MS Fingerprinting with Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
Table 2
Phenolic composition (in % of total phenolics) of “Chemlali” olive leaves from different regions.
Gabes
Ghraiba
El Hajeb
Jelma
Kondar
Lamta
Sidi Bou Ali
Teboulba
Zaghouan
Quinic acid
6.96 ± 0.05
5.21 ± 0.01
8.65 ± 0.45
7.86 ± 0.41
7.82 ± 0.51
9.26 ± 0.36
8.83 ± 0.79
6.58 ± 0.24
7.55 ± 1.02
Hyty-Gl
8.59 ± 0.63
7.05 ± 0.16
6.98 ± 0.21
3.02 ± 0.15
5.13 ±
7.52 ± 0.21
12.96 ± 0.80
9.06 ± 0.37
1.75 ± 0.15
Hyty
1.65 ± 0.02
2.24 ± 0.02
1.01 ± 0.02
1.16 ± 0.01
1.83 ± 0.13
3.90 ± 0.06
1.56 ± 0.08
2.00 ± 0.09
1.92 ± 0.01
Ty-Gl
0.44 ± 0.03
1.24 ± 0.11
0.86 ± 0.07
0.82 ± 0.02
0.45 ± 0.13
0.36 ± 0.15
0.79 ± 0.21
1.39 ± 0.1
3.74 ± 0.33
EA-Gl isomer 1
nd
0.58 ± 0.03
nd
1.39 ± 0.01
0.49 ± 0.1
nq
nd
0.70 ± 0.02
1.34 ± 0.11
Secologanoside
nd
15.78 ± 0.21
9.73 ± 0.29
18.27 ± 0.87
14.36 ± 0.66
15.32 ± 0.81
9.72 ± 0.57
12.77 ± 0.78
14.17 ± 0.53
Caffeoylquinic acid isomer 1
0.30 ± 0.01
0.40 ± 0.08
0.18 ± 0.03
0.60 ± 0.1
0.32 ± 0.08
0.82 ± 0.06
0.42 ± 0.03
0.38 ± 0.02
0.74 ± 0.02
EA-Gl isomer 2
nd
nd
nd
0.95 ± 0.13
nd
nd
nd
0.07 ± 0.01
0.35 ± 0.07
Gallocatechin
0.16 ± 0.01
2.58 ± 0.12
2.39 ± 0.1
2.54 ± 0.01
3.78 ± 0.4
8.89 ± 0.3
4.35 ± 0.24
2.39 ± 0.35
1.24 ± 0.43
Benzyl alcohol hexose-pentose
1.90 ± 0.04
0.70 ± 0.02
0.90 ± 0.01
0.54 ± 0.11
1.03 ± 0.31
1.23 ± 0.27
1.35 ± 0.45
1.26 ± 0.2
0.86 ± 0.11
EA-Gl isomer 3
2.13 ± 0.03
1.90 ± 0.00
1.44 ± 0.01
1.76 ± 0.07
2.49 ± 0.38
1.14 ± 0.13
1.77 ± 0.47
1.42 ± 0.29
1.70 ± 0.19
Caffeoylquinic acid isomer 2
nd
0.20 ± 0.01
0.17 ± 0.01
0.24 ± 0.01
0.19 ± 0.05
0.33 ± 0.01
0.21 ± 0.00
0.13 ± 0.02
0.25 ± 0.02
Oleuropein aglycon derivative
5.29 ± 0.06
7.96 ± 0.03
7.95 ± 0.39
6.83 ± 0.13
10.42 ± 0.81
13.30 ± 0.59
8.85 ± 0.77
7.42 ± 0.94
7.16 ± 0.43
EA-Gl isomer 4
nd
2.98 ± 0.14
3.85 ± 0.14
2.51 ± 0.02
3.41 ± 0.23
0.29 ± 0.07
2.51 ± 0.09
1.36 ± 0.15
1.14 ± 0.21
Demethyloleuropein
nd
0.03 ± 0.00
0.20 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.01
0.54 ± 0.24
nd
0.18 ± 0.02
0.19 ± 0.01
nq
Rutin
nd
0.18 ± 0.01
0.29 ± 0.04
0.20 ± 0.01
0.28 ± 0.03
0.27 ± 0.02
0.47 ± 0.17
0.53 ± 0.10
0.42 ± 0.05
Luteolin rutinoside
nq
0.05 ± 0.01
nd
0.06 ± 0.01
nq
0.19 ± 0.03
nd
nq
0.10 ± 0.09
Verbascoside
nq
nq
0.23 ± 0.04
nq
nq
nq
0.20 ± 0.11
1.38 ± 0.27
0.62 ± 0.18
Luteolin glucoside isomer 1
3.63 ± 0.01
2.50 ± 0.03
1.74 ± 0.54
1.79 ± 0.32
1.91 ± 0.01
2.53 ± 0.14
2.12 ± 0.65
1.48 ± 0.24
2.57 ± 0.22
Oleuropein glucoside
0.37 ± 0.02
0.20 ± 0.01
0.13 ± 0.08
0.85 ± 0.05
0.02 ± 0.01
nq
0.10 ± 0.01
0.18 ± 0.02
0.57 ± 0.6
Diosmin isomer 1
nd
nq
nd
nq
nq
nq
nq
nd
nq
Apigenin rutinoside
nq
0.04 ± 0.01
0.02 ± 0.00
0.02 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.012
0.15 ± 0.01
0.05 ± 0.01
nq
0.07 ± 0.02
Diosmin isomer 2
nq
nd
nd
nq
nq
nq
nq
nd
0.08
Taxifolin
0.13 ± 0.01
0.14 ± 0.02
0.13 ± 0.01
0.77 ± 0.05
0.12 ± 0.02
1.35 ± 0.31
0.29 ± 0.14
0.60 ± 0.01
2.09 ± 0.31
Apigenin glucoside
0.07 ± 0.01
0.22 ± 0.11
0.12 ± 0.06
0.36 ± 0.08
0.07 ± 0.01
0.58 ± 0.05
0.15 ± 0.02
0.12 ± 0.01
0.41 ± 0.04
Luteolin glucoside isomer 2
1.81 ± 0.02
1.21 ± 0.13
0.82 ± 0.04
0.75 ± 0.15
0.68 ± 0.03
1.08 ± 0.12
1.16 ± 0.04
0.77 ± 0.011
1.11 ± 0.01
Chryseriol glucoside
0.47 ± 0.03
0.33 ± 0.02
0.31 ± 0.08
nd
0.28 ± 0.01
0.34 ± 0.03
0.33 ± 0.01
nq
0.17 ± 0.02
Methoxyoleuropein
13.46 ± 0.15
11.27 ± 0.23
9.54 ± 0.12
7.55 ± 0.10
11.56 ± 0.26
9.20 ± 0.41
12.01 ± 0.10
4.60 ± 0.31
7.52 ± 0.16
Oleuropein isomer 1
25.39 ± 1.68
17.87 ± 0.15
20.25 ± 0.15
23.77 ± 0.22
15.76 ± 0.35
12.41 ± 0.27
15.20 ± 0.19
18.96 ± 0.38
22.87 ± 0.47
Oleuropein isomer 2
5.31 ± 0.31
3.39 ± 0.08
4.92 ± 0.37
nd
3.00 ± 0.28
1.15 ± 0.10
1.99 ± 0.09
4.25 ± 0.24
nd
Oleuropein isomer 3
11.55 ± 0.45
6.62 ± 0.11
12.03 ± 0.14
9.79 ± 0.07
5.56 ± 0.02
2.24 ± 0.15
4.49 ± 0.07
11.00 ± 0.12
5.91 ± 0.07
Ligstroside
0.55 ± 0.02
2.15 ± 0.03
2.00 ± 0.10
5.24 ± 0.07
1.57 ± 0.12
0.21 ± 0.01
0.90 ± 0.02
1.72 ± 0.08
6.83 ± 0.03
Oleuropein aglycon isomer 1
6.84 ± 0.05
2.98 ± 0.05
2.77 ± 0.04
nd
4.10 ± 0.09
2.38 ± 0.10
3.73 ± 0.14
4.02 ± 0.07
3.58 ± 0.04
Luteolin
0.72 ± 0.02
1.60 ± 0.01
0.45 ± 0.03
nd
2.19 ± 0.015
2.23 ± 0.34
2.82 ± 0.09
1.22 ± 0.084
1.08 ± 0.01
Quercetin
0.01 ± 0.00
0.08 ± 0.01
0.06 ± 0.01
0.30 ± 0.02
0.06 ± 0.00
0.74 ± 0.01
0.17 ± 0.03
0.40 ± 0.01
0.20 ± 0.02
Oleuropein aglycon isomer 2
2.57 ± 0.01
nd
nd
nd
nq
nd
nd
1.56 ± 0.12
nd
Apigenin
nq
0.13 ± 0.01
nq
nd
0.25 ± 0.05
0.61 ± 0.012
0.32 ± 0.03
0.08 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.01
Diosmetin
nq
0.18 ± 0.01
nd
nd
0.29 ± 0.02
nd
nd
0.04 ± 0.01
nd
nd: not detected; nq: not quantified (under the limit of quantification).
