Research Article

Application of a Combined Homogenate and Ultrasonic Cavitation System for the Efficient Extraction of Flavonoids from Cinnamomum camphora Leaves and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity In Vitro

Table 1

Box–Behnken design matrix and the actual and predicted values for the yields of C. camphora flavonoids.

RunABCDYield (mg/g)
ActualPredicted

1100 (+1)20 (0)20 (0)250 (+1)6.656.70
275 (0)25 (+1)24 (+1)200 (0)7.637.61
3100 (+1)20 (0)16 (−1)200 (0)5.935.92
475 (0)15 (−1)16 (−1)200 (0)6.926.88
575 (0)25 (+1)16 (−1)200 (0)7.327.24
650 (−1)20 (0)24 (+1)200 (0)6.576.62
775 (0)15 (−1)20 (0)150 (−1)6.696.70
875 (0)20 (0)20 (0)200 (0)7.647.60
975 (0)20 (0)20 (0)200 (0)7.627.60
10100 (+1)25 (+1)20 (0)200 (0)6.356.42
1175 (0)25 (+1)20 (0)150 (−1)6.756.70
1275 (0)20 (0)20 (0)200 (0)7.517.60
1375 (0)25 (+1)20 (0)250 (+1)7.947.97
1475 (0)20 (0)16 (−1)250 (+1)7.227.17
15100 (+1)20 (0)24 (+1)200 (0)6.576.50
16100 (+1)20 (0)20 (0)150 (−1)5.545.53
1775 (0)20 (0)20 (0)200 (0)7.697.60
1875 (0)20 (0)20 (0)200 (0)7.567.60
1950 (−1)20 (0)16 (−1)200 (0)6.356.46
20100 (+1)15 (−1)20 (0)200 (0)6.156.12
2175 (0)15 (−1)24 (+1)200 (0)7.227.26
2250 (−1)25 (+1)20 (0)200 (0)6.766.81
2375 (0)15 (−1)20 (0)250 (+1)7.187.26
2450 (−1)20 (0)20 (0)150 (−1)6.236.12
2575 (0)20 (0)16 (−1)150 (−1)6.576.65
2650 (−1)15 (−1)20 (0)200 (0)6.456.40
2775 (0)20 (0)24 (+1)150 (−1)6.566.63
2875 (0)20 (0)24 (+1)250 (+1)7.997.93
2950 (−1)20 (0)20 (0)250 (+1)6.836.78

A: ethanol concentration, %; B: homogenate/ultrasonic time, min; C: solvent-to-solid ratio, mL/g; D: ultrasonic power, W.