Review Article

Sirtuins, Bioageing, and Cancer

Table 1

The mammalian Sirtuins.

Enzymatic activityLocalisationSubstrates/targetsFunction

SIRT1DeacetylaseNuclear/cytoplamicp53, FOXO, NFκB, MyoD, Ku70, LXR, PPARγ, p300, Tat, PCAF, ERα, AR, SMAD7, PCAF, p73, Sox9, HES1, PGC1α, HEY2, NcoR/SMRT, E2F1, RelA/p65Glucose metabolism, fatty-acid and cholesterol metabolism, differentiation, insulin secretion, and neuroprotection
SIRT2DeacetylaseNuclear/cytoplamicα-tubulin, FOXOCell-cycle control, tubulin deacetylation
SIRT3DeacetylaseAceCS2, GDH complex1ATP production, regulation of mitochondrial proteins deacetylation, and fatty-acid oxidation
Mitochondrial
SIRT4ADP-ribosylotransferaseGDH, IDE, ANTInsulin secretion
SIRT5DeacetylaseCPS1Urea cycle
SIRT6Deacetylase ADP-ribosylotransferaseNuclearNFκB, Hif1α, helicase, DNA polymeraseβTelomeres and telomeric functions, DNA repair
SIRT7DeacetylaseNuclearRNA polymerase type I, E1A, SMAD6RNA polymerase I transcription