Memory for Emotional Pictures in Patients with Alzheimer's Dementia: Comparing Picture-Location Binding and Subsequent Recognition

Table 1

Demographic variables, MMSE, GDS-15 and NART-IQ scores in the AD group, the older control group and the younger control group (𝑁=69).

Variable	AD patients (𝑛=23)	Older controls (𝑛=23)	Young controls (𝑛=23)	Significance
Male/female	11/12	11/12	10/13	Overall: 𝜒^2=.117, 𝑃=.94
NART-IQ^a	88.13±22.01 (range 62–133)	91.30±16.87 (range 72–135)	99.04±9.07 (range 80–115)	Overall: 𝐹(2,66)=2.55, 𝑃=.09
Educational level (1–7)^b	4.0±1.6 (range 1–7)	4.3±1.0 (range 2–7)	6.0±0.0	AD versus older: 𝐹(1,44)=.580, 𝑃=.45
Age	77.2±4.5 (range 68–88)	78.9±5.4 (range 69–89)	22.5±2.9 (range 19–30)	AD versus older: 𝐹(1,44)=1.34, 𝑃=.25
MMSE score^c	22.0±3.9 (range 15–28)	28.7±1.2 (range 27–30)	N.a.	AD versus older: 𝐹(1,44)=45.81, 𝑃<.001
GDS-15 score^d	2.1±1.5 (range 0–6)	1.3±1.3 (range 0–5)	N.a.	AD versus older: 𝐹(1,44)=4.14, 𝑃≤.05

Note. Numbers following ± represent standard deviations from the mean (preceding number); n.a.: not applicable. ^aNART: National Adult Reading Test; ^bClassification by Verhage [36]; ^cMMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; ^dGDS-15: Geriatric Depression Scale, 15 items.