Cognitive Stimulation for Apathy in Probable Early-Stage Alzheimer's
Table 1
Participant demographics (values are presented as (%) or mean (standard deviation)).
Total
Control (social support)
Treatment (mentally stimulating activities)
value
Participants ( )
77
29*
48
Gender
.243
Male
15 (19.5%)
4 (13.8%)
11 (22.9%)
Female
62 (80.5%)
25 (86.2%)
36 (77.1%)
Race
.071
Caucasian
56 (72.7%)
17 (58.6%)
39 (81.3%)
African-American
20 (25.9%)
11 (37.9%)
9 (18.7%)
Hispanic
1 (1.3%)
1 (.03%)
0 (0%)
Depression DX
.594
Yes
20
7 (24.1%)
13 (27.1%)
No
57
22 (75.9%)
35 (72.9%)
Mean Age
82.2 (6.5)
81.0 (8.7)
.07
Years of Education
13.6 (3.8)
14.6 (3.6)
.499
Baselines
MMSE
25.4 (2.8)
25.2 (3.3)
.269
AES (Apathy)
30.4 (7.9)
32.8 (8.7)
.331
Cornell-Brown
18.6 (11.3)
14.3 (10.8)
.758
PHQ-9
4.7 (4.8)
5.9 (5.7)
.188
Trail Making Time
192.80 (89.7)
178.45 (90.0)
.635
*48 participants were enrolled but 19 dropped after baseline recruitment and evaluation due to health problems and lack of interest in the intervention (39%). These participants were not included in the pre-post analysis.
