Aging and the Social Cognitive Determinants of Physical Activity Behavior and Behavior Change: Evidence from the Guide to Health Trial

Table 5

Social cognitive model of GTH treatment effects among inactive, weight-challenged, aging adults: standardized direct, indirect, and total effects among latent variable.

Latent variable	Effect	Cond.	Age	Race	Gender	SS	SE	NOE	POE	SR	PA
Social support (SS)	Direct/total	.11	−.13	.12	−.22**
Self-efficacy (SE)	Direct	.19**	.11	−.10**	.14	.37***
	Indirect	.04	−.05	.05	−.08*
	Total	.23***	.06	−.06	.06	.37***
Negative outcome expectations (NOE)	Direct	−.05	.14	.01	−.02	.27*	−.32**
	Indirect	−.04*	−.05	.05	−.08	−.12
	Total	−.09**	.08	.06	−.10	.15	−.32***
Positive outcome expectations (POE)	Direct	−.16**	.09	.12**	−.07	.22*	.20^a
	Indirect	.07*	−.02	.01	−.03	.07*
	Total	−.09	.07	.14	−.11*	.29**	.20^a
Self-regulation (SR)	Direct	.30***	−.03	.04	−.02	.06	.27**	−.05	−.09
	Indirect	.08*	.00	−.02	.02	.07	.00
	Total	.38***	−.04	.01	.00	.12	.27**	−.05	−.09
Physical activity (PA)	Direct	.44***	−.15	−.02	.21	−.43	.26	.00	.26^a	.39
	Indirect	.14	.08	−.03	.08	.22	.15^a	−.02	−.04
	Total	.58***	−.07	−.05	.29*	−.21	.41*	−.02	.22	.39
Body weight	Total	−.12*	.00	.02	−.07	.04	−.09^a	.02	−.03	−.09	−.22**

^a𝑃<.10; ^∗𝑃<.05; ^∗∗𝑃<.01; ^∗∗∗𝑃<.001; GTH: Guide to Health; Condi: treatment condition (0 = control; 1 = GTH only; 2= GTH plus).