Alcohol Consumption and Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Men

Table 3

Hazard ratios of CVD mortality by alcohol consumption level in men, Aerobics Center for Longitudinal Study (ACLS), 1974–2002.

	Alcohol consumption (drinks/week)
	Nondrinkers (0)	Quartile 1 (1–3)	Quartile 2 (4–6)	Quartile 3 (7–13)	Quartile 4 (≥14)
Person-years	86,872	91,529	98,303	103,625	124,360
No.	4742	6663	6049	6735	6860
No. of Deaths	128	70	101	106	183
Death rate^a	17.0	11.6	13.1	12.9	17.7
Basic model^b	1.00 (referent)	0.71 (0.53–0.95)	0.75 (0.58–0.98)	0.83 (0.64–1.08)	1.00 (0.80–1.26)
Basic model plus
Blood pressure factors^c	1.00 (referent)	0.70 (0.53–0.94)	0.73 (0.56–0.95)	0.84 (0.64–1.09)	0.94 (0.75–1.18)
Fasting glucose factors^d	1.00 (referent)	0.68 (0.51–0.91)	0.75 (0.58–0.98)	0.82 (0.63–1.07)	0.98 (0.78–1.24)
Lipid factors^e	1.00 (referent)	0.71 (0.53–0.95)	0.73 (0.56–0.96)	0.80 (0.62–1.04)	0.95 (0.75–1.19)
All intermediate factors^cde	1.00 (referent)	0.68 (0.51–0.91)	0.71 (0.55–0.93)	0.81 (0.62–1.05)	0.88 (0.69–1.11)

^aDeath rate per 10,000 person-years adjusted for age (in years).
^bAdjusted for age (in years), year of examination, BMI (kg/m²), smoking (current smoker or not), family history of CVD (yes or no), and maximal treadmill time (min).
^cSystolic blood pressure and reported hypertension (yes or no).
^dFasting glucose and reported diabetes (yes or no).
^eTotal cholesterol and triglyceride.