Decline in Memory, Visuospatial Ability, and Crystalized Cognitive Abilities in Older Adults: Normative Aging or Terminal Decline?

Table 1

BIC statistics for linear and quadratic chronological age and time to death models for each cognitive measure. These models were adjusted for baseline age, sex, education, dementia diagnosis at any time point across the five measurement occasions, and time to death at baseline.

Time metric	Trajectory shape	MMSE	CLOCK	PROSE	MEMRECOG	MEMCORRESP	DIGSPAN	BLOCK	SYNUM	INFO
Age	Linear	11739.3	9922.2	7835.2	6998.5	7160.3	6473.4	9571.9	6966.7	11529.9
	Quadratic	11739	9961.1	7881.9	7051	7210.5	6536.9	9611.5	6974.4	11516.2
Time to death	Linear	11662.7	9834.1	7799.2	6871.2	7122.4	6435.8	9555.6	6947.1	11549.6
	Quadratic	11589.5	9820.1	7830.7	6885.6	7161.2	6475.3	9580	6954.9	11526.3

Note. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, CLOCK: Swedish Clock Test, PROSE: Prose Recall Test, MEMRECOG: Memory Recognition Test, MEMCORRESP: Memory Correspondence Test, DIGSPAN: Digit Span Backward Test, BLOCK: Kohs Block Design Test, SYNUM: Synonyms Test, and INFO: Information Test. Indicating lowest BIC value.