Exercise Snacking to Improve Muscle Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Table 3

Summary of body mass and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures.

	Group	Pre	Post
Body mass (kg)	Control	70.5 (11.2)	70.3 (11.4)	0	0.64	0.27
	ES	69.0 (10.0)	69.0 (10.0)	0
% body fat	Control ()	35.1 (7.4)	35.2 (6.8)	0	0.34	0.48
	ES	34.0 (7.0)	33.7 (7.0)	−1
Lean mass (kg)	Control ()	44.8 (8.6)	44.6 (8.4)	0	0.37	0.44
	ES	44.9 (6.5)	45.0 (6.4)	0
Leg lean mass (kg)	Control ()	15.3 (2.4)	15.3 (2.3)	0	0.17	0.68
	ES	15.3 (2.0)	15.5 (2.2)	1

ES: exercise snacking group. Data are presented as mean (SD); , pre- to postchange within groups; p values for interaction effect from two-way repeated measures ANOVA, and Hedges effect size of difference in changed scores between the groups. Group size was unless stated otherwise.