Physical Performance in Older Cohorts: A Comparison of 81-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women Born Twelve Years Apart—Results from the Swedish Study “Good Aging in Skåne”
Table 5
Adjusted linear regression models for 81-year-old women with results of physical tests as the dependent variables and birth cohort as the independent variable.
81-year-old women, physical tests adjusted
n
B coefficient
SE
95% CI
value
Walking 15 m, normal speed (m/s)
224
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
0.12
0.03
0.06/0.18
<0.001
Alcohol consumption 2–4 times per month
0.12
0.04
0.05/0.19
0.001
Osteoarthritis: back/knee/hip
−0.07
0.03
−0.13/0.01
0.025
Anemia
−0.15
0.05
0.95/0.25
0.007
Walking 15 m, maximum speed (m/s)
220
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
0.17
0.04
0.09/0.24
<0.001
Obese
−0.12
0.05
−0.22/−0.02
0.018
Stopped smoking
0.08
0.04
0.00/0.17
0.042
Alcohol consumption: 2–4 times per month
0.14
0.05
0.05/0.22
0.003
Alcohol consumption: 2-3 times per week
0.13
0.06
0.02/0.24
0.025
Osteoarthritis: back/knee/hip
−0.08
0.04
−0.28/0.01
0.037
MMSE score >24
0.17
0.06
0.06/0.28
0.004
Walking 2 × 15 m, normal speed, (m/s)
223
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
0.08
0.03
0.03/0.14
0.003
Obese
−0.08
0.04
−0.15/0.00
0.043
Alcohol consumption: 2–4 times per month
0.09
0.03
0.02/0.15
0.008
Osteoarthritis: back/knee/hip
−0.07
0.03
−0.13/0.02
0.012
MMSE score >24
0.10
0.04
0.01/0.18
0.024
Anemia
−0.10
0.05
−0.20/−0.01
0.038
Walking 2 × 15 m, maximum speed (m/s)
218
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
0.11
0.03
0.45/0.18
0.001
Obese
−0.10
0.04
−0.19/−0.15
0.022
Stopped smoking
0.08
0.04
0.00/0.15
0.043
Alcohol consumption: 2–4 times per month
0.12
0.04
0.04/0.20
0.004
Osteoarthritis: back/knee/hip
−0.12
0.03
−0.19/−0.05
0.001
MMSE score >24
0.18
0.05
0.08/0.20
<0.001
Number of steps 2 × 15 m, normal speed (n)
224
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
−3.62
0.91
−5.42/1.82
<0.001
Overweight
2.42
1.00
0.46/4.38
0.016
Obese
3.56
1.25
1.09/6.03
0.005
Alcohol consumption: 2–4 times per month
−2.24
1.10
−4.40/−0.08
0.042
Osteoarthritis: back/knee/hip
2.80
0.96
0.90/4.70
0.004
MMSE score >24
−3.32
1.42
−6.12/−0.53
0.020
Number of steps 2 × 15 m, maximum speed (n)
220
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
−2.21
0.89
−3.97/−0.45
0.014
Obese
2.59
1.11
0.41/4.77
0.020
Alcohol consumption: 2–4 times per month
−2.44
1.09
−4.58/−0.30
0.026
Alcohol consumption: 2-3 times per week
−3.73
1.34
−6.48/−0.97
0.008
Pain: back/pelvis
2.57
0.92
0.75/4.38
0.006
MMSE score >24
−3.41
1.39
−6.15/−0.66
0.015
Step test (n)
215
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
1.19
0.48
0.24/2.14
0.014
Obese
−1.70
0.60
−2.88/−0.51
0.005
Stopped smoking
1.23
0.48
0.06/1.92
0.038
Education, university
1.00
0.53
0.18/2.27
0.022
MMSE score >24
3.20
0.77
1.67/4.72
<0.001
Chair stands (s)
209
Cohort 1920–22 vs. 1932–34
−2.35
0.56
−3.46/−1.24
<0.001
Obese
2.58
0.74
1.13/4.03
0.001
MMSE score >24
−2.95
0.87
−4.67/−1.24
0.001
All regression models were initially adjusted for BMI, education, residential area, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, pain back/pelvis, heart disease, osteoarthritis in the back/knee/hip, depressive mood, MMSE score >24, and anemia. The birth cohort for 1920–22 was used as the reference. Only significant confounders were included in the table.
