A Streaming Algorithm for Online Estimation of Temporal and Spatial Extent of Delays

Figure 4

An illustration of how the proposed algorithm finds start, intermediate, and end sensors from speed patterns measured by roadside sensors. Start sensor is the first downstream sensor that detects an anomaly. End sensor is the first upstream sensor that an anomaly is not detected. Intermediate sensors are used to confirm that the congested area has extended upstream from start sensor to end sensor.