Development of a Representative EV Urban Driving Cycle Based on a k-Means and SVM Hybrid Clustering Algorithm

Table 12

Comparison of the results for typical city driving cycles.

Driving cycle	Xi’an	Winnipeg	Dublin	Mashhad	Hongkong	Ningbo	Tianjin
Vehicle type	EV	PHEV	EV	ICEV	ICEV	ICEV	ICEV
Road type	Urban	Composite	Urban	Urban	Urban	Urban	Urban
Size of experiment	56 trips, 428 hours, 2158 km	76 volunteers, one year	1485 journals	450 km	29 hours	24 hours	25 hours
Average speed(km/h)	20.74	31.4	30.87	20.27	25.0	23.7	22.5
Maximum speed(km/h)	63.86	100	84.5	60.90	77.7	60.2	70.2
Average acceleration(m/s^2)	0.78	0.60	0.62	0.53	0.60	0.51	0.36
Average deceleration(m/s^2)	0.77	0.60	0.64	0.54	0.60	0.58	0.43
Proportion of acceleration(%)	32.9	31.4	26.7	37.67	34.5	37.0	36.0
Proportion of deceleration(%)	31.9	31.2	25.0	37.48	34.2	33.0	30.0
Proportion of uniform speed(%)	17.3	14.9	27.6	3.16	12.0	11.0	21.0
Proportion of idle(%)	17.9	21.8	20.7	21.70	17.8	20.0	12.0
Reference	-	[29]	[3]	[30]	[17]	[32]	[32]