Improving Bus Operations through Integrated Dynamic Holding Control and Schedule Optimization

Table 5

Comparisons of the Mean Value and Standard Deviation of Passenger Travel Time under Different Control Methods (Unit: seconds).

Origin Stop	Control Methods
	The Proposed Optimization Model		Xuan et al. [23]		Non Control
	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.
Stop 9	1335	293	1400	304	1490	426
Stop 10	1199	289	1443	367	1420	459
Stop 11	973	330	1060	313	1082	420
Stop 12	1032	384	3960	858	1378	537
Stop 13	707	348	733	304	893	445