The Negative Impact of Vehicular Intelligence on Energy Consumption

Table 1

The parameters of intelligent vehicle’s technology components. (Pri.= primary intelligent vehicle. Int. = Intermediate intelligent vehicle. Adv. = advanced intelligent vehicle. ‘-’ means that data is not available.)

Technology Components		Number			Average Power			Average quality			Source
Category	Hardware	Pri.	Int.	Adv.	Pri.	Int.	Adv.	Pri.	Int.	Adv.
Perception	Camera	6	7	9	2.5	3	12	0.04	0.27	0.5	FLIR Blackfly, Chameleon3, ORYX
	Millimeter wave radar (middle distance)	4	8	10	4.5	4.5	4.5	0.12	0.12	0.12	Continental SRR510, SRR520
	Millimeter wave radar (long distance)	1	2	4	6.25	6.25	6.25	0.22	0.22	0.22	Continental ARS441, ARSS510
	LiDAR (32 lines)	5	7	8	12.1	12.1	12.1	0.93	0.93	0.93	Velodyne HDL-32E, VLP-32C, Quanergy M8, RoboSense RS-LiDAR-32.
	LiDAR (64 lines)	0	1	1	60	60	60	13.6	13.6	13.6	Velodyne HDL-64E
	Ultrasonic radar	12	8	0	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.05	0.05	0.05	Bosch Ultrasonic
	GNSS positioning and inertial navigation	1	1	1	3.9	3.9	3.9	0.52	0.52	0.52	NovAtel SPAN-IGM-A1, S1, PwrPak7D-E1
Decision	Computing platform	2	2	2	250	500	600	5.1	5.1	5.1	Nvidia Drive PX2, Nvidia Drive Pegasus
V2X	V2X chip	1	1	1	6	6	6	2.65	2.65	2.65	Cohda MK5
	MIMO RF module	4	16	18	1	1	1	-	-	-	NXP A2G22S251-01S
	Gateway	1	1	1	36	36	36	-	-	-	Flairmicro TCU 4.0, NXP MPC5748G
HMI	Display	1	1	1	20	60	80	2.5	7.5	10	15∖32∖40 inch LCD display
	Head up display	1	1	1	4.8	8	20	-	-	-	Wiiyii A8 HUD, Navsoso H3, Carrobot
	Attention retention system	1	1	1	24	24	24	-	-	-	Audi handoff
	Fingerprint recognition	2	4	5	0.7	0.7	0.7	-	-	-	Zhiantec AS601, ZFM-800SA
	Face recognition	2	5	6	2.25	2.25	2.25	-	-	-	MD-T150
	Gesture recognition	1	4	4	2	2	2	-	-	-	Leap Motion
	Eye movement recognition	1	4	4	1.5	1.5	1.5	-	-	-	Tobii EyeMobile Plus
	Near field communication	1	3	3	2	2	2	-	-	-	NXP cNCx3320
	Wireless charger	1	3	3	5	10	15	-	-	-	NXP MWCT1013AVLH