‘Rationality’ in Collective Escape Behaviour: Identifying Reference Points of Measurement at Micro and Macro Levels

Figure 13

Variations of the simulated total evacuation times (blue solid lines; left vertical axis) and simulated average individual evacuation times (red dashed lines; right vertical axis) as a result of changes in the marginal utility of VIS attribute in exit decision-making of the simulated evacuees. Error bands show the standard deviations of the measurements. The vertical solid lines represent the empirically estimated value for the marginal utility of VIS, and the vertical dashed lines visualise the 95% confidence interval of that estimate.