How Have Travelers Changed Mode Choices for First/Last Mile Trips after the Introduction of Bicycle-Sharing Systems: An Empirical Study in Beijing, China
Table 1
Descriptions of the 512 samples.
Variables
Frequency
Percentage
Individual and Sociodemographic Attributes
Gender
Male
248
48.5%
Female
264
51.5%
Age (years old)
<=20
34
6.6%
21–30
176
34.4%
31–40
153
29.8%
41–50
123
24.1%
>50
26
5.1%
Family structure
Live alone
81
15.8%
Nuclear family no children
104
20.4%
Nuclear family with children
272
53.1%
Extended family
55
10.7%
Occupation
Student
91
17.7%
Clerk
170
33.3%
Civil servant or manager
200
39.1%
Freelance
20
3.9%
Retiree
18
3.5%
Other
13
2.5%
Monthly Income
<=2, 000 RMB ($300)
70
13.6%
2, 001–5, 000 RMB ($300-750)
108
21.1%
5, 001–8, 000 RMB ($750-1200)
112
21.9%
8, 001–10, 000 RMB ($1200-1500)
94
18.3%
>10, 000 RMB ($1500)
129
25.1%
Education
High school
24
4.7%
College
394
77.0%
Master’s degree or above
94
18.3%
Driver’s license
Yes
395
77.2%
No
117
22.8%
Number of automobiles available
0
155
30.2%
1
353
68.9%
>=2
5
0.9%
Number of bicycles available
0
230
44.9%
1
230
44.9%
>=2
52
10.2%
Travel Characteristics
Travel purpose
Go to school
69
13.4%
Go to work
378
73.9%
Entertainment
48
9.3%
Other
18
3.5%
Travel distance (km)
<=5
198
38.7%
5–10
156
30.5%
10–15
70
13.6%
15–20
37
7.2%
>=20
51
10.0%
Main trip mode (before)
Public transport
512
45.5%
Automobile
363
32.3%
Bicycle or walking
250
22.2%
Main trip mode (after)
Public transport
523
46.5%
Automobile
343
30.5%
Bicycle or walking
259
23%
Built Environment
Access distance (km)
<0.5
216
42.2%
0.5–1
200
39.1%
1–2
72
14.0%
>2
24
4.7%
Egress distance (km)
<=0.5
238
46.5%
0.5–1
198
38.7%
1–2
57
11.1%
>2
19
3.7%
Choice Preference for First/Last Mile Trips
Mode preference for first/last mile trips (before)
Walking
386
75.3%
Private bicycle
62
12.1%
Automobile
65
12.6%
Mode preference for first/last mile trips (after)
Walking
191
37.3%
Shared bicycle
235
45.9%
Private bicycle
31
6.1%
Automobile
55
10.7%
Note: we do not distinguish the access/egress trip. We have observed 512 trips.
