Mass Rapid Transit Operation and Maintenance Cost Calculation Model

Table 2

MRT operation and maintenance cost groups and their components.

Cost component		References
Capital	Depreciation of railway assets	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]
Operation costs	Direct fixed costs
	(i) Railway staff	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]; Wang et al. [3]
	(ii) Infrastructure	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Shang and Zhang [13]
	(iii) Insurance	Shang and Zhang [13]
	Direct variable costs
	(i) Electricity	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]
	(ii) Security	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Shang and Zhang [13]
	(iii) Train cleaning facilities	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Shang and Zhang [13]; Wang et al. [3]
	Indirect fixed costs
	(i) Employment	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]
	(ii) Office expenses	Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]
	(iii) License and certification	—
	(iv) Passenger service	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]; Wang et al. [3]
	Indirect variable costs
	(i) Marketing	Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]
	(ii) Human resource development	Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]
Maintenance costs	Repair and maintenance cost of the electrical train	Gattuso and Restuccia [16]; Li and Toda [15]; Liang and Liu [9]; Shang and Zhang [13]