Optimal Design of Bus Stop Locations Integrating Continuum Approximation and Discrete Models

Table 1

Notation.

Variables	Unit	Descriptions
		Number of operation time periods
	km	Bus route length
		Number of stops
	RMB/day	Total generalized system cost
	RMB	Patrons’ access/egress time cost at during period
	RMB	Patrons’ waiting time cost at during period
	RMB	Patrons’ in-vehicle travel time cost at during period
	RMB	Agency’s distance-based cost during period
	RMB	Agency’s time-based cost at location during period
	RMB	Agency’s amortized infrastructure cost at during period
	RMB	Patrons’ access/egress time cost during period
	RMB	Patrons’ in-vehicle travel time cost during period
	RMB	Agency’s distance-based cost during period
	RMB	Agency’s time-based cost during period
	RMB	Agency’s amortized infrastructure cost during period
	h	Duration of period
	pax/km/h	Boarding and alighting demand density at during period
	pax	Onboard flow passing stop
	km	Location of stop
		The restricted locations to be avoided from being stop locations
	km	Left and right coverage boundaries of stop
	pax/h	Boarding and alighting volumes at stop during period
	h	Headway during period
	pax/h	Onboard flow at during period
	Stop/km	Stop density at location
		Subscript representing time periods
Parameters	Unit	Descriptions
	m/s^2	Vehicle acceleration and deceleration
	Pax/vehicle	Vehicle capacity
	pax/stop	Stop capacity
	km	Minimum distance between bus stops and restricted locations
	RMB/h	Value of access time
	RMB/h	Value of in-vehicle travel time
	RMB/km	Unit cost of distance-based operation cost, e.g., vehicle fuel consumption cost
	RMB/h	Unit cost of the time-based cost, e.g., drivers’ wage and amortized vehicle purchase cost
	RMB/h	Unit amortized costs of stop construction
	RMB/h	Unit cost of stop maintenance
	km/h	Patrons’ average walking speed
	km/h	Vehicles’ cruising speed during period
	h	Time delay due to bus deceleration and acceleration at stops
	h	Average boarding and alighting delays per passenger
	h	Average delay caused by opening door and closing door