Research Article
Automatic Guided Vehicles Introduction Impacts to Roll-On/Roll-Off Terminals: Simulation and Cost Model Analysis
Table 3
Parameters of the cost model and their values.
| Parameter description | Symbol | Unit | Value |
| Litres of diesel consumed per 100 km by the van | | 1 L/100 km | 12 | Electricity consumed per 100 km by the AGVs | | 1 kwh/100 km | 20 | Price per litre of diesel | | €/L | 1.24 | Price per kilowatt-hour of electricity | | €/kwh | 0.25 | Travel distance for a van per loading process | | km | 590 | Travel distance by AGVs per loading process | | km | 4720 | Total working hours per loading process | | h | 26 | Hourly pay for a stevedore | | €/h | 19 | Hourly pay for an AGV operator | | €/h | 19 | Number of loading processes per year | | — | 120 | Number of stevedores | | Person | 16 | Number of gangs | | Group | 3 | Total number of AGVs | | Vehicle | 35 | Number of AGVs in operation | | Vehicle | 29 | Number of spare AGVs | | Vehicle | 6 | Total service cost per van for a year | | €/year | 1000 | Total service cost per AGV for a year | | €/year | 1000 | Price per shuttle van | | €/vehicle | 150,000 | Price per AGV | | €/vehicle | 38,000 | Land lease rate per square metre | | €/m2 | 15 | Surface area per charging station | | m2 | 30 | CO2 emissions from a vehicle per kilometre | | g | 224 | CO2 emissions from the van per kilometre | | g | 50 | CO2 emissions from an AGV per kilometre | | g | 230 | CO2 price per tonne | | €/t | 50 | Cost of the charging station and parking garage | | Station | 5,000 |
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