Antibacterial Activity of the Extracts Obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis, Origanum majorana, and Trigonella foenum-graecum on Highly Drug-Resistant Gram Negative Bacilli

Table 1

Phenotypic profiles of susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.

Number of strains

AM

AMC

PIP

TZP

CF

CXM

FOX

CTX

CRO

CAZ

CEF

IMP

GN

AN

SXT

OF

CIP

TGC

Resistance profile

E. coli

5

R

R

R

S

R

R

S

R

R

R

R

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

ESBL+ QS

5

R

R

R

S

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

S

R

S

R

R

R

S

ESBL+ QR AmpC +

10

R

R

R

S

R

R

S

R

R

R

R

S

S

S

R

R

R

S

ESBL+ QR

K. pneumonia

5

R

R

R

S

R

R

S

R

R

R

R

S

R

S

R

S

S

S

ESBL+ QS

5

R

R

R

R

R

R

S

R

R

R

R

S

R

S

R

R

R

I

ESBL+ QR

AM: ampicillin, AMC: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, PIP: piperacillin, TZP: piperacillin/tazobactam, CF: cephalotin, CXM: cefuroxime, FOX: cefoxitin, CTX: cefotaxime, CRO: ceftriaxone, CAZ: ceftazidime, CEF: cefepime, IMP: imipenem, GN: gentamicin, AN: amikacin, SXT: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, OF: ofloxacin, CIP: ciprofloxacin, TGC: tigecycline QR: quinolone Resistant, QS: quinolone sensitive S: Sensitive, I: Intermediate, R: Resistant, AmpC +: Overproduction of AmpC, ESBL+: ESBL producer.