Research Article

Nutrition Practice and Knowledge of First-Year Medical Students

Table 2

Questions used in surveys 2013–16.

Q numberQuestion  2013Question  2014Question  2015Questions  2016

1How many serves of fruit do you consume on average every day?
(A) 1 serve
(B) 2 or more serves
(C) Less than 1 serve
How many serves of fruit do you consume on average every day?
(A) 1 serve
(B) 2 serves
(C) 3 or more serves
How many servings of fruit do you consume on average every day?
(A) Less than one
(B) One serve
(C) Two serves
(D) Three serves
(E) Four serves
(F) Five or more serves
How many servings of fruit do you consume on average every day?
(A) Less than one
(B) One serve
(C) Two serves
(D) Three serves
(E) Four serves
(F) Five or more serves

2How many servings of vegetables do you consume on average every day?
(A) 2–4 serves
(B) 1 or less than 1 serve
(C) 5 or more serves
How many servings of vegetables do you consume on average every day?
(A) 3 serves or less
(B) 4 serves
(C) 5 or more serves
How many servings of vegetables do you consume on average every day?
(A) Less than one
(B) One serve
(C) Two serves
(D) Three serves
(E) Four serves
(F) Five or more serves
How many servings of vegetables do you consume on average every day?
(A) Less than one
(B) One serve
(C) Two serves
(D) Three serves
(E) Four serves
(F) Five or more serves

3How many servings of fruit are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) 2–4 serves per day
(B) 1-2 serves per day
(C) At least 4-5 serves per day
How many servings of fruit are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least 2 serves per day
(B) 3 or more serves per day
(C) At least 4-5 serves per day
How many servings of fruit are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least one per day
(B) At least 2 per day
(C) 2-3 serves per day
(D) At least 3 per day
(E) 3-4 serves per day
How many servings of fruit are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least one per day
(B) At least 2 per day
(C) 2-3 serves per day
(D) At least 3 per day
(E) 3-4 serves per day

4How many servings of vegetables are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least 5 serves per day
(B) At least 4 serves per day
(C) At least 1 per day
How many servings of vegetables are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least 5 serves per day
(B) At least 4 serves per day
(C) At least 1 per day
How many servings of vegetables are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least one per day
(B) 1-2 serves per day
(C) 2-3 serves per day
(D) 3-4 serves per day
(E) At least 4 serves per day
(F) At least 5 serves per day
How many servings of vegetables are recommended to be consumed every day?
(A) At least one per day
(B) 1-2 serves per day
(C) 2-3 serves per day
(D) 3-4 serves per day
(E) At least 4 serves per day
(F) At least 5 serves per day

5What impact does consuming adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables have on health?
(A) Reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease
(B) Reduces the risk of vitamin insufficiency
(C) Reduces the risk of some cancers
(D) Reduces the risk of fractures
What impact does consuming adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables have on health?
(A) Reduces the risk of iodine deficiency
(B) It reduces the risk of vitamin insufficiency
(C) It reduces the risk of retinopathy
(D) A combination
Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) Consuming the recommended amounts of fruit and vegetables reduces risk of stroke
(B) Consuming the recommended amounts of fruit but NOT vegetables reduces risk of stroke
(C) Consuming the recommended amounts of vegetables but NOT fruit reduces risk of stroke
(D) Consuming 5 or more servings of vegetables/day increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease
(E) Consuming 2 or more servings of fruit increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease
Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) Consuming the recommended amounts of fruit and vegetables reduces risk of stroke
(B) Consuming the recommended amounts of fruit but not vegetables reduces risk of stroke
(C) Consuming the recommended amounts of vegetables but not fruit reduces risk of stroke
(D) Consuming 5 or more servings of vegetables/day increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease
(E) Consuming 2 or more servings of fruit increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease

6Which of the following foods contain significant amounts of saturated or trans fatty acids?
(A) Battered fish (fish shop)
(B) Shortbread biscuits
(C) Whole roasted chicken
(D) Cheddar cheese
(E) Home cooked chips (in canola oil)
(F) Cottage cheese
(G) Skim milk
Which of the following foods contain significant amounts of saturated or trans fatty acids?
(A) Battered fish (fish shop)
(B) Shortbread biscuits
(C) Whole roasted chicken
(D) Cheddar cheese
(E) Home cooked chips (in canola oil)
(F) Cottage cheese
(G) Skim milk
(H) A combination
Which of the following foods does NOT contain significant amounts of saturated fatty acids?
(A) Whole roasted chicken
(B) Shortbread biscuits
(C) Full cream milk
(D) Cheddar cheese
(E) Home cooked chips in canola oil
Which of the following foods does not contain significant amounts of saturated fatty acids?
(A) Whole roasted chicken
(B) Shortbread biscuits
(C) Full cream milk
(D) Cheddar cheese
(E) Home cooked chips in canola oil

7What are the dietary recommendations for the number of grams of salt per day for the general population?
(A) 1-2 grams
(B) 3-4 grams
(C) 5-6 grams
What are the dietary recommendations for the number of grams of salt per day for the general population?
(A) 1-2 grams
(B) 3-4 grams
(C) 5-6 grams
What are the dietary recommendations for the number of grams of salt per day for the general population?
(A) 1 gram (~17 mmol sodium)
(B) 2 grams (~35 mmol sodium)
(C) 3 grams (~52 mmol sodium)
(D) 4 grams (~70 mmol sodium)
(E) 5 grams (~86 mmol sodium)
(F) 6 grams (~100 mmol sodium)
(G) 7 grams (~120 mmol sodium)
What are the dietary recommendations for the number of grams of salt per day for the general population?
(A) 1 gram (~17 mmol sodium)
(B) 2 grams (~35 mmol sodium)
(C) 3 grams (~52 mmol sodium)
(D) 4 grams (~70 mmol sodium)
(E) 5 grams (~86 mmol sodium)
(F) 6 grams (~100 mmol sodium)
(G) 7 grams (~120 mmol sodium)

8How often do you add salt in cooking?
(A) Never or rarely
(B) Sometimes
(C) Often
How often do you add salt in cooking?
(A) Never or rarely
(B) Sometimes
(C) Often
How often do you add salt in cooking?
(A) Never
(B) Rarely
(C) Sometimes
(D) Often
How often do you add salt in cooking?
(A) Never
(B) Rarely
(C) Sometimes
(D) Often

9How often do you add salt at the table?
(A) Never
(B) Rarely
(C) Sometimes
(D) Often
How often do you add salt at the table?
(A) Never
(B) Rarely
(C) Sometimes
(D) Often
How often do you add salt at the table?
(A) Never
(B) Rarely
(C) Sometimes
(D) Often
How often do you add salt at the table?
(A) Never
(B) Rarely
(C) Sometimes
(D) Often

10Would a bread containing 350 mg/100 g of sodium be considered to be?
(A) Moderately high, high sodium bread
(B) Low, moderately low sodium bread
(C) Low sodium food
Would a bread containing 350 mg/100 g of sodium be considered to be?
(A) Moderately high, high sodium bread
(B) Low, moderately low sodium bread
(C) Low sodium food
Which of the following the major food groups make the largest contribution to average intakes of dietary sodium in Australia?
(A) Vegemite and savoury spreads
(B) Soft drinks
(C) Breads and cereals
(D) Fish and seafood
Which of the following the major food groups make the largest contribution to average intakes of dietary sodium in Australia?
(A) Vegemite and savoury spreads
(B) Soft drinks
(C) Breads and cereals
(D) Fish and seafood

Please indicate on the scale below how much you agree or disagree with the following
statements
Himalayan salt, pink salt, sea salt, and gourmet salts are healthier than regular table salt
(A) Strongly disagree
(B) Disagree
(C) Neither agree nor disagree