An Experimental Insight into the Smoldering-Flaming Transition Phenomenon

Figure 4

Pictorial view of experimental setup with (a) single-fuel configuration, (b) eight-fuel configuration, (c) ignition initiation, (d) video-graphed experimentation, (e) lateral direction smoldering, and (f) longitudinal direction smoldering.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)