Surface Modification of Fly Ash for Active Catalysis

Figure 5

Conversion (%) of benzaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde with KF/Al₂O₃/fly ash catalyst at (a) different pretreatment temperature (b) different reaction temperature (c) different time (d) different reaction cycles and (e) different molar ratios of benzaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)