Increasing Public Awareness of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests: Health Care Access, Internet Use, and Population Density Correlates

Table 1

Awareness of direct-to-consumer genetic testing by respondent characteristics.

Respondent characteristic	Weighted^1 population % aware of DTC genetic tests
	HINTS 2008	HINTS 2011
	𝑛=7,674	𝑛=3,959
Total (𝜒^2=32.64; 𝑃<0.0001)	𝟐𝟗.𝟑	𝟑𝟔.𝟗
Gender	(𝜒^2=1.9;𝑃=.18)	(𝜒^2=2.1;𝑃=.15)
Male	30.2	35.0
Female	28.3	39.1
Age	(𝜒^2=13.3;𝑃<.0001)	(𝜒^2=11.0;𝑃<.0001)
18–34	23.3	30.3
35–49	31.1	36.3
50–64	34.9	45.9
65–74	32.4	42.2
75+	24.1	30.3
Annual income	(𝜒^2=32.7;𝑃<.0001)	(𝜒^2=17.6;𝑃<.0001)
<$35K	25.7	29.0
$35K to <$75K	25.4	35.6
$75K or more	37.9	46.7
Race/ethnicity	(𝜒^2=6.4;𝑃<.01)	(𝜒^2=9.8;𝑃<.0001)
Non-Hispanic white	30.9	41.5
Non-Hispanic black	23.7	30.0
Hispanic/Latino	24.9	24.2
Non-Hispanic other	33.9	31.8
Education	(𝜒^2=48.5;𝑃<.0001)	(𝜒^2=21.5;𝑃<.0001)
Less than high school	22.9	21.0
High school	21.5	30.0
Some college	28.1	36.0
College graduate	42.9	48.2
Health insurance	(𝜒^2=9.7;𝑃<.01)	(𝜒^2=8.9;𝑃<.005)
Yes	30.5	40.6
No	24.2	32.8
Regular provider	(𝜒^2=14.3;𝑃<.001)	(𝜒^2=24.3;𝑃<.0001)
Yes	31.2	41.8
No	25.6	28.6
Prior cancer diagnosis	(𝜒^2=8.5;𝑃<.01)	(𝜒^2=23.6;𝑃<.0001)
Yes	34.0	47.4
No	29.0	35.9
Family history of cancer	(𝜒^2=5.0;𝑃<.05)	(𝜒^2=5.2;𝑃<.05)
Yes	31.0	40.5
No	26.4	34.6
Internet use	(𝜒^2=23.0;𝑃<.0001)	(𝜒^2=21.3;𝑃<.0001)
Yes	31.7	40.2
No	24.1	25.1
Rural-urban designation	(𝜒^2=6.2;𝑃<.05)	(𝜒^2=2.3;𝑃=.13)
Urban	30.2	37.6
Rural	25.0	33.5

¹All data were weighted to be representative to the US population according to estimates from the American Community Survey.