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| Sr. | Effective factor |
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| 1 | Group (): managerial-related factors |
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| F1.1 | Clarity of responsibilities and roles for each owner, consultant, and contractor |
| F1.2 | Develop a clear and detailed program for quality management to be adhered to by the owner, consultant, and contractor |
| F1.3 | Efficiency of the owner’s inspection team |
| F1.4 | Assignment of quality control responsibility to the consultant |
| F1.5 | Technical assessment of the contractor during the bidding process |
| F1.6 | Selection of the lowest bidder to construct the project |
| F1.7 | Contractor’s past experience |
| F1.8 | Contractor’s financial status during the project execution |
| F1.9 | Amount of work subcontracted |
| F1.10 | Contractor’s labors and equipment capability |
| F1.11 | Cost escalation of resources (materials, labors, and equipment) needed to achieve the required quality level |
| F1.12 | Unavailability of financial incentive to the contractor to produce higher level of quality |
| F1.13 | Delay in contactor progress payment |
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| 2 | Group (): design and specifications-related factors |
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| F2.1 | Pavement is not designed according to the regional conditions (e.g., soil type, temperature, and traffic volume) |
| F2.2 | Design errors arising from inadequate engineer assumptions and inaccurate data |
| F2.3 | Insufficient owner involvement during the design phase (design evaluation, review, and updating design) |
| F2.4 | Accuracy of investigation performed on soil type encountered |
| F2.5 | Accuracy of data related to traffic volume, composition, and expected growth |
| F2.6 | Use construction materials suitable for climate (temperature) |
| F2.7 | Clarity and accuracy of specifications in relation to aggregates quality and gradation |
| F2.8 | Clarity and accuracy of specifications in relation to asphalt quality and type |
| F2.9 | Clarity and accuracy of specifications in relation to the required compaction level |
| F2.10 | Overspecifying of materials and equipment to be used and construction method to be followed |
| F2.11 | Limitation on materials sources, equipment type, and construction method imposed by specifications |
| F2.12 | Job mix formula type used to produce asphalt mixture (open graded, dense graded, etc.) |
| F2.13 | Asphalt mixture properties (e.g., stability, durability, and workability) |
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| 3 | Group (): construction process-related factors |
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| F3.1 | Availability of experienced staff in the owner’s and contractor’s teams during the project execution |
| F3.2 | Availability of the specified materials quality |
| F3.3 | Asphalt quality and type used in the construction process |
| F3.4 | Aggregates quality used in the construction process (e.g., gradation, shape, and type) |
| F3.5 | Variation in aggregates gradation in stockpiles, mixing, transportation, and placement operation |
| F3.6 | Variation in asphalt content during mixture operation |
| F3.7 | Amount of filler materials in the mixture |
| F3.8 | Continuous changing in mix design due to change in the nature and source of materials during construction phase |
| F3.9 | The use of marginal materials in pavement constructed in regions of hot climate and heavy loading traffic conditions |
| F3.10 | Condition of road bed soil |
| F3.11 | Uniformity of mixture placement and compaction operations constructed in regions of hot climate and heavy loading traffic conditions |
| F3.12 | Compacting pattern used to achieve the desired pavement density |
| F3.13 | Paver and roller mechanical condition and type |
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