Some recorded behaviours differences between chalcopyrite ternary oxide ceramics and telluride and sulphides are investigated in the framework of the recently proposed Lattice Compatibility Theory (LCT). Alterations have been evaluated in terms of Urbach tailing and atomic valence shell electrons orbital eigenvalues, which were calculated through several approximations. The aim of the study was mainly an attempt to explain the intriguing problem of difficulties of elaborating chalcopyrite ternary oxide ceramics (I-III-O2) at relatively low temperatures under conditions which allowed crystallization of ternary telluride and sulphides.

K. Boubaker

The Lattice Compatibility Theory: Arguments for Recorded I-III-O2 Ternary Oxide Ceramics Instability at Low Temperatures beside Ternary Telluride and Sulphide Ceramics

An effort has been made to synthesize polycrystalline <svg style="vertical-align:-3.98311pt;width:151.97501px;" id="M1" height="17.15" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 151.97501 17.15" width="151.97501" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.138)"><path id="x28" d="M300 -147l-18 -23q-106 71 -159 185.5t-53 254.5v1q0 139 53 252.5t159 186.5l18 -24q-74 -62 -115.5 -173.5t-41.5 -242.5q0 -130 41.5 -242.5t115.5 -174.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,5.944,12.138)"><path id="x42" d="M372 352v-2q176 -27 176 -159q0 -99 -95 -151q-73 -40 -196 -40h-221v28q65 5 78.5 19t13.5 76v404q0 63 -12 77t-72 18v28h257q102 0 150 -34q26 -18 41 -48.5t15 -65.5q0 -111 -135 -150zM213 362h47q80 0 117.5 32t37.5 96q0 56 -33 92t-100 36q-41 0 -56 -10&#xA;q-13 -8 -13 -50v-196zM213 328v-203q0 -54 17 -72.5t66 -18.5q67 1 110.5 37t43.5 110q0 147 -192 147h-45z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.803,12.138)"><path id="x69" 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novel semiwet technique. Preparation of A-site oxides of BLNT for composition x = 0 was optimized using two precursor solutions such as ethylene glycol and citric acid. The XRD patterns revealed that the sample prepared by ethylene glycol precursor solution has single phase perovskite structure with a rhombohedral symmetry at RT as compared to the sample prepared by citric acid. Ethylene glycol precursor has been found to play a significant role in the crystallization, phase transitions, and electrical properties. The studies on structure, phase transitions, and dielectric properties for all the samples have been carried out over the temperature range from RT to 450°C at 100 kHz frequency. It has been observed that two phase transitions (i) ferroelectric to antiferroelectric and (ii) antiferroelectric to paraelectric occur in all the samples. All samples exhibit a modified Curie-Weiss law above Tc. A linear fitting of the modified Curie-Weiss law to the experimental data shows diffuse-type transition. The dielectric as well as ferroelectric properties of BLNT ceramics have been found to be improved with the substitution of La elements.

Vijayeta Pal

R. K. Dwivedi

O. P. Thakur

Effect of Processing on Synthesis and Dielectric Behavior of Bismuth Sodium Titanate Ceramics

NiCuZn ferrite with composition of (N<svg style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt;width:38.787498px;" id="M1" height="15.2125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 38.787498 15.2125" width="38.787498" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>Cu0.10Zn0.60F<svg style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt;width:99.6875px;" id="M2" height="15.65" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 99.6875 15.65" width="99.6875" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>) (where <svg style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:57.400002px;" id="M3" height="11.125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 57.400002 11.125" width="57.400002" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10) was prepared by the conventional ceramic double sintering technique. The formation of single phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The microstructural features were also studied by electronic microscopy and are reported. Initial permeability measurements on these samples were carried out in the temperature range of 30 to 300&#xb0;C. The effect of external applied stress on the open magnetic circuit type coil with these ferrite cores was studied by applying uniaxial compressive stress parallel to the magnetizing direction and the change in the inductance was measured. The variation of inductance (&#x394;L/L)&#x25; increases up to certain applied compressive stress and there after it decreases, showing different stress sensitivities for different compositions of ferrites studied in the present work. The variation of ratio of inductance (&#x394;L/L)&#x25; with external applied compressive stress was examined. These results show that the Ni0.42Cu0.10Zn0.60Fe1.76O3.76 and Ni0.44Cu0.10Zn0.60Fe1.72O3.72 samples are found to be suitable for inductive stress sensor applications.

M. Penchal Reddy

W. Madhuri

M. Venkata Ramana

I. G. Kim

D. S. Yoo

N. Ramamanohar Reddy

K. V. Siva Kumar

D. V. Subbaiah

R. Ramakrishna Reddy

Possibility of NiCuZn Ferrites Composition for Stress Sensor Applications

Ferroelectric (PbxSr1−x)TiO3 (PST) perovskite phase has been crystallized in borosilicate glassy matrix with a suitable choice of composition and heat treatment schedule. La2O3 is a donor dopant for PST and can make it semiconducting. Dispersion of semiconducting perovskite phase in insulating glassy matrix in glass-ceramic samples may lead to the formation of space charge polarization around crystal-glass interface, leading to a high value of effective dielectric constant, <svg style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt;width:12.7375px;" id="M1" height="11.9625" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.7375 11.9625" width="12.7375" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)"><path id="x1D700" d="M387 375q0 -16 -17 -31t-29 -15q-9 0 -12 13q-13 74 -80 74q-36 0 -61 -24.5t-25 -56.5t24 -51.5t68 -19.5q33 0 47 2l2 -7l-32 -42q-20 2 -54 2q-45 0 -74 -21.5t-29 -60.5q0 -41 28 -65.5t73 -24.5q78 0 145 67l17 -23q-33 -47 -84.5 -75t-111.5 -28q-70 0 -114.5 35.5&#xA;t-44.5 92.5q0 46 38 78t95 45v2q-35 10 -54.5 33t-19.5 52q0 55 53 88.5t122 33.5q67 0 98.5 -23.5t31.5 -49.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,7.037,11.762)"><path id="x1D45F" d="M393 379q-9 -16 -28 -29q-15 -10 -23 -2q-19 19 -36 19q-21 0 -52 -38q-57 -72 -82 -126l-40 -197q-23 -3 -75 -18l-7 7q49 196 74 335q7 43 -2 43q-7 0 -30 -14.5t-47 -37.5l-16 23q37 42 82 73t67 31q41 0 15 -113l-11 -50h4q41 71 85 117t77 46q29 0 45 -26&#xA;q13 -21 0 -43z" /></g></svg>. Therefore, with the aim of the developing glass ceramics with high dielectric constant, glasses in the system 64[(PbxSr1−x)O·TiO2]-25[2SiO2·B2O3]-5[K2O]-5[BaO]-1[La2O3] have been prepared (<svg style="vertical-align:-0.546pt;width:76.824997px;" id="M2" height="11.6" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 76.824997 11.6" width="76.824997" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path id="x30" d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105&#xA;q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><path id="x2E" d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.098,10.862)"><path id="x35" d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8&#xA;l-26 -65h-233z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,24.966,10.862)"><path id="x2264" d="M531 71l-474 214v50l474 215v-56l-416 -184l416 -183v-56zM531 -40h-474v50h474v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,39.67,10.862)"><path id="x1D465" d="M536 404q0 -17 -13.5 -31.5t-26.5 -14.5q-8 0 -15 10q-11 14 -25 14q-22 0 -67 -50q-47 -52 -68 -82l37 -102q31 -88 55 -88t78 59l16 -23q-32 -48 -68.5 -78t-65.5 -30q-19 0 -37.5 20t-29.5 53l-41 116q-72 -106 -114.5 -147.5t-79.5 -41.5q-21 0 -34.5 14t-13.5 37&#xA;q0 16 13.5 31.5t28.5 15.5q12 0 17 -11q5 -10 25 -10q22 0 57.5 36t89.5 111l-40 108q-22 58 -36 58q-21 0 -67 -57l-19 20q81 107 125 107q17 0 30 -22t39 -88l22 -55q68 92 108.5 128.5t74.5 36.5q20 0 32.5 -14t12.5 -30z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,53.898,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2264" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,68.601,10.862)"><path id="x31" d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" /></g></svg>). It is found that the addition of La2O3 strongly affected the crystallization and dielectric behavior of glass-ceramic with PST perovskite phase. All glass ceramic samples show a diffuse broad Curie peak in their <svg style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt;width:12.7375px;" id="M3" height="11.9625" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.7375 11.9625" width="12.7375" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)"><use xlink:href="#x1D700" /></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,7.037,11.762)"><use xlink:href="#x1D45F" /></g></svg> versus T plots. Curie peak temperature, <svg style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt;width:16.9px;" id="M4" height="15.8375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16.9 15.8375" width="16.9" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.55)"><path id="x1D447" d="M649 676l-22 -187l-33 -2q3 56 -12 94q-8 20 -31.5 26.5t-86.5 6.5h-74l-90 -491q-4 -23 -6 -36.5t1 -25t7 -16.5t18 -9t27 -5t41 -3l-6 -28h-286l4 28q68 5 84 18.5t28 76.5l94 491h-55q-74 0 -100.5 -6t-41.5 -23q-24 -29 -54 -98l-32 1q32 98 53 188h22q7 -18 15 -22&#xA;t37 -4h417q23 0 33.5 5t25.5 21h23z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,11.388,15.637)"><path id="x1D450" d="M383 397q0 -32 -35 -49q-12 -6 -23 8q-37 45 -84 45t-90 -71q-40 -65 -40 -167q0 -57 22 -86t59 -29q38 0 81.5 24.5t69.5 51.5l16 -21q-44 -53 -104 -84t-109 -31q-56 0 -89.5 41t-33.5 117q0 61 30 124t79 105q33 28 81 50.5t86 22.5q34 0 59 -15.5t25 -35.5z" /></g></svg>, depends on compositions of the glass-ceramic samples as well as frequency of measurements.

C. R. Gautam

Devendra Kumar

Om Parkash

Dielectric Properties of La2O3 Doped Composite (PbxSr1&#x2212;x)TiO3 Borosilicate Glass Ceramic

Investigations were carried out, on the effect of addition of kaolinite (2Al2O3&#x000B7;3SiO2&#x000B7;2H2O) and talc (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2) in terms of bulk density, XRD phases, microstructure, as well as thermal and mechanical properties of the aluminium titanate (AT) ceramics. AT ceramics with additives have shown enhanced sinterability at 1550&#xb0;C, achieving close to 99&#x25; of TD (theoretical density) in comparison to 87&#x25; TD, exhibited with pure AT samples sintered at 1600&#xb0;C, and found to be in agreement with the microstructural observations. XRD phase analysis of samples with maximum densities resulted in pure AT phase with a shift in unit cell parameters suggesting the formation of solid solutions. TG-DSC study indicated a clear shift in AT formation temperature with talc addition. Sintered specimens exhibited significant reduction in linear thermal expansion values by 63&#x25; (0.42<svg style="vertical-align:-0.0pt;width:15.775px;" id="M1" height="8.5" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 15.775 8.5" width="15.775" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-.017,2.9,8.438)"><path id="xD7" d="M528 54l-36 -38l-198 201l-198 -201l-36 38l197 200l-197 201l36 38l198 -202l198 202l36 -38l-197 -201z"/></g>

		
	
</svg>10&#x2212;6/C, (30&#x2013;1000&#xb0;C)) with talc addition. Thermal hysteresis of talc-doped AT specimens showed a substantial increase in hysteresis area corresponding to enhanced microcrack densities which in turn was responsible to maintain the low expansion values. Microstructural evaluation revealed a sizable decrease in crack lengths and 200&#x25; increase in flexural strength with talc addition. Results are encouraging providing a stable formulation with substantially enhanced thermomechanical properties.

R. Papitha

M. Buchi Suresh

Dibakar Das

Roy Johnson

Mineral-Oxide-Doped Aluminum Titanate Ceramics with Improved Thermomechanical Properties

Computational material methods were used to predict and investigate electrical and structural properties of cerium oxide (CeO2). Density functional theory was used to obtain the optimized crystal structure and simulate the material&#x2019;s electronic and elastic responses. Oxygen to oxygen nearest neighbor distance is 2.628&#x2009;&#xc5;, while oxygen to cerium distance is calculated to be 2.276&#x2009;&#xc5;. The conduction band has a prominent set of bands, which exists between 6 and 17&#x2009;eV. An indirect energy gap (6.04&#x2009;eV) exists between the valence and conduction bands. The independent elastic constants allow a mechanical assessment on the suitability of cubic cerium oxide as a substrate for advanced electronic devices. The calculated results of phonon dispersion curves are also given.

Jon C. Goldsby

Basic Elastic Properties Predictions of Cubic Cerium Oxide Using First-Principles Methods

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Journal of Ceramics