Synthesis of Mo, W, and Mo- and W-Doped Multiwall VONTs via Sol-Gel and Hydrothermal Methods

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Samples</td><td align="center"><svg height="16.4" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.35248pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.099998 16.4" width="34.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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h-35l1 26q39 4 76 13.5t58.5 17t27.5 7.5q16 0 9 -26zM387 375q-11 11 -38.5 20t-51.5 9q-45 0 -79 -23q-46 -32 -77.5 -107.5t-31.5 -143.5q0 -40 9.5 -58.5t23.5 -18.5q40 0 113.5 70t99.5 118z" id="x1D451"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.5,16.25)"><path d="M655 0h-263v28q46 5 55.5 14.5t-5.5 34.5l-132 214q-69 -104 -122 -202q-19 -32 -10.5 -43.5t58.5 -17.5v-28h-229v28q44 5 70 17t47 40q47 59 164 239l-134 214q-33 50 -54 64t-74 20v28h246v-28q-44 -5 -52 -14t5 -28q32 -55 114 -182q66 102 99 162q19 33 10.5 44.5
t-57.5 17.5v28h228v-28q-56 -6 -80 -19.5t-58 -57.5q-45 -62 -121 -179l157 -246q35 -53 60.5 -70t77.5 -22v-28z" id="x58"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,17.282,16.25)"><path d="M631 18l-4 -26q-24 0 -35 1q-57 3 -92.5 23t-69.5 68q-21 30 -101 160q-13 22 -30.5 31t-54.5 9h-32v-159q0 -63 14 -77.5t74 -19.5v-28h-262v28q62 5 76 19.5t14 77.5v402q0 62 -13 76t-73 19v28h248q109 0 159 -34q67 -42 67 -131q0 -115 -127 -172q27 -52 89 -144
q49 -71 81 -104q31 -36 72 -47zM212 316h48q73 0 108 29q55 42 55 124q0 76 -42 112t-104 36q-41 0 -54 -10q-11 -7 -11 -44v-247z" id="x52"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,24.671,16.25)"><path d="M43 650h280q194 0 282 -85q85 -82 85 -215q0 -173 -123 -267q-107 -83 -297 -83h-236v27q65 5 79.5 19.5t14.5 77.5v402q0 45 -6 62.5t-21.5 24t-57.5 9.5v28zM213 547v-416q0 -55 24.5 -75t81.5 -20q133 0 203 86t70 214q0 80 -30 143t-88 97q-66 41 -170 41
q-62 0 -78 -13q-13 -9 -13 -57z" id="x44"></path></g>
</svg> (nm)</td><td align="center">     Samples</td><td align="center"><svg height="16.4" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-3.35248pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.099998 16.4" width="34.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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h-35l1 26q39 4 76 13.5t58.5 17t27.5 7.5q16 0 9 -26zM387 375q-11 11 -38.5 20t-51.5 9q-45 0 -79 -23q-46 -32 -77.5 -107.5t-31.5 -143.5q0 -40 9.5 -58.5t23.5 -18.5q40 0 113.5 70t99.5 118z" id="x1D451"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.5,16.25)"><path d="M655 0h-263v28q46 5 55.5 14.5t-5.5 34.5l-132 214q-69 -104 -122 -202q-19 -32 -10.5 -43.5t58.5 -17.5v-28h-229v28q44 5 70 17t47 40q47 59 164 239l-134 214q-33 50 -54 64t-74 20v28h246v-28q-44 -5 -52 -14t5 -28q32 -55 114 -182q66 102 99 162q19 33 10.5 44.5
t-57.5 17.5v28h228v-28q-56 -6 -80 -19.5t-58 -57.5q-45 -62 -121 -179l157 -246q35 -53 60.5 -70t77.5 -22v-28z" id="x58"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,17.282,16.25)"><path d="M631 18l-4 -26q-24 0 -35 1q-57 3 -92.5 23t-69.5 68q-21 30 -101 160q-13 22 -30.5 31t-54.5 9h-32v-159q0 -63 14 -77.5t74 -19.5v-28h-262v28q62 5 76 19.5t14 77.5v402q0 62 -13 76t-73 19v28h248q109 0 159 -34q67 -42 67 -131q0 -115 -127 -172q27 -52 89 -144
q49 -71 81 -104q31 -36 72 -47zM212 316h48q73 0 108 29q55 42 55 124q0 76 -42 112t-104 36q-41 0 -54 -10q-11 -7 -11 -44v-247z" id="x52"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,24.671,16.25)"><path d="M43 650h280q194 0 282 -85q85 -82 85 -215q0 -173 -123 -267q-107 -83 -297 -83h-236v27q65 5 79.5 19.5t14.5 77.5v402q0 45 -6 62.5t-21.5 24t-57.5 9.5v28zM213 547v-416q0 -55 24.5 -75t81.5 -20q133 0 203 86t70 214q0 80 -30 143t-88 97q-66 41 -170 41
q-62 0 -78 -13q-13 -9 -13 -57z" id="x44"></path></g>
</svg> (nm)</td><td align="center">     Samples</td><td align="center"><svg height="16.4" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-3.35248pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 34.099998 16.4" width="34.099998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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h-35l1 26q39 4 76 13.5t58.5 17t27.5 7.5q16 0 9 -26zM387 375q-11 11 -38.5 20t-51.5 9q-45 0 -79 -23q-46 -32 -77.5 -107.5t-31.5 -143.5q0 -40 9.5 -58.5t23.5 -18.5q40 0 113.5 70t99.5 118z" id="x1D451"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.5,16.25)"><path d="M655 0h-263v28q46 5 55.5 14.5t-5.5 34.5l-132 214q-69 -104 -122 -202q-19 -32 -10.5 -43.5t58.5 -17.5v-28h-229v28q44 5 70 17t47 40q47 59 164 239l-134 214q-33 50 -54 64t-74 20v28h246v-28q-44 -5 -52 -14t5 -28q32 -55 114 -182q66 102 99 162q19 33 10.5 44.5
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q49 -71 81 -104q31 -36 72 -47zM212 316h48q73 0 108 29q55 42 55 124q0 76 -42 112t-104 36q-41 0 -54 -10q-11 -7 -11 -44v-247z" id="x52"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,24.671,16.25)"><path d="M43 650h280q194 0 282 -85q85 -82 85 -215q0 -173 -123 -267q-107 -83 -297 -83h-236v27q65 5 79.5 19.5t14.5 77.5v402q0 45 -6 62.5t-21.5 24t-57.5 9.5v28zM213 547v-416q0 -55 24.5 -75t81.5 -20q133 0 203 86t70 214q0 80 -30 143t-88 97q-66 41 -170 41
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</svg> (nm)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">VONTs [<a href="/journals/jchem/2013/243920/#B9">9</a>]</td><td align="center">3.35</td><td align="center">     VONTs [<a href="/journals/jchem/2013/243920/#B9">9</a>]</td><td align="center">3.35</td><td align="center">     VONTs [<a href="/journals/jchem/2013/243920/#B9">9</a>]</td><td align="center">3.35</td></tr><tr><td align="left">V<sub>0.95</sub>W<sub>0.05</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">3.50</td><td align="center">     V<sub>0.9</sub>Mo<sub>0.1</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">4.11</td><td align="center">     V<sub>0.9</sub>Mo<sub>0.05</sub>W<sub>0.05</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">3.84</td></tr><tr><td align="left">V<sub>0.9</sub>W<sub>0.1</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">3.86</td><td align="center">     V<sub>0.8</sub>Mo<sub>0.2</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">4.06</td><td align="center">     V<sub>0.8</sub>Mo<sub>0.1</sub>W<sub>0.1</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">3.91</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><span style="width: 98.387497px;"><svg height="15.825" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-3.39069pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 98.387497 15.825" width="98.387497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.012,15.613)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,43.275,15.613)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.038,11.538)"><path d="M381 665q131 0 226.5 -93t95.5 -239q0 -158 -96 -253t-238 -95q-137 0 -231 95t-94 238q0 142 92.5 244.5t244.5 102.5zM359 629q-89 0 -151 -74.5t-62 -208.5q0 -141 69 -233t175 -92q90 0 150.5 74t60.5 211q0 152 -69 237.5t-173 85.5z" id="x4F"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,70.583,11.538)"><path d="M719 650v-28q-43 -2 -62 -15t-22 -44q-6 -47 -6 -169v-403h-31l-426 524h-2v-251q0 -111 6 -169q4 -37 24 -50.5t72 -16.5v-28h-237v28q45 2 64.5 16t23.5 49q6 62 6 171v220q0 54 -3 68.5t-17 32.5q-16 19 -34.5 26.5t-54.5 10.5v28h147l418 -502h3v246q0 117 -7 166
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</svg></span></td><td align="center">3.94</td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center">     V<sub>0.6</sub>Mo<sub>0.2</sub>W<sub>0.2</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">4.98</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center">     V<sub>0.5</sub>Mo<sub>0.25</sub>W<sub>0.25</sub>ONTs</td><td align="center">4.77</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="6"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

The <svg height="12.4375" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 9.5625 12.4375" width="9.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> values of different samples obtained by XRD.

Journal of Chemistry

tab1

Table 1

Table 1: Synthesis of Mo, W, and Mo- and W-Doped Multiwall VONTs via Sol-Gel and Hydrothermal Methods 