A Comprehensive Review on Measurement and Correlation Development of Capillary Pressure for Two-Phase Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Table 1

Measurements and simulations of capillary pressure curves for various commercial GDL.

Authors	Technique	GDL series	Working fluid	Pressure range (MPa)
Gostick; et al. [40]	MSP, MIP	SGL 10BA/10BB, Toray 090, E-Tek Cloth A, Lyflex 484C/352C	Octane	10^−5~10
Gostick; et al. [43]	Single measurement of a GCP sample	SGL 10BA, Toray 090	Water	−0.025~0.035
Gostick; et al. [51]	GCP	SGL 10AA/10BA/10CA/10DA, Toray 060A/060C/090A/090C/090D/120A/120D	Water	−0.02~0.02
Gostick; et al. [50]	Single measurement of a GCP sample	SGL 10BA/10BB	Water	−0.001~0.02
Gostick; et al. [55]	X-ray CT	Toray 120A/120C/120D	Water	−0.015~0.015
Gostick [57]	Single measurement of a GCP sample, pore network model	Toray 120A/120C/060A/060C/060D, SGL 10BA/10BB	Water	0~0.015
Gostick et al. [56]	Pore network model	Toray 060	Mercury	0~0.3
Shrestha and Gostick [58]	A modified GCP with a temperature controller	Toray 120 with 0 and 10% PTFE	Water	−0.025~0.025
Kumbur; et al. [37]	MSP	SGL 24BC/24CC/24DC, E-Tekelat 1200 W	Octane and water	0.01~10
Kumbur; et al. [38]	MSP	SGL 24BC/24DC/10BB	Octane and water	0.01~10
Kumbur; et al. [39]	MSP	SGL 24BC/24CC/24DC/10BB	Octane and water	0.01~10
Kumbur; et al. [36]	Artificial neural network	SGL 24BC/24CC/24DC	None	0.01~10
Fairweather; et al. [42]	Volume-controlled method	Toray TGP-090, unsintered Avcarb P75T, heat-treated Avcarb P75T	Mercury	−0.02~0.02
Cheung; et al. [48]	Volume-controlled method	Toray 090	Mercury	−0.02~0.02
Fairweather; et al. [52]	Volume-controlled method	Toray 090 with 5%/10%/20%/40% Teflon	Mercury	−0.013~0.015
Nguyen; et al. [59]	Modified MSP	SGL 10AA/10BA	Water	−0.0005~0.0003
Nguyen; et al. [44]	Modified MSP	SGL 10CA, Toray 060	Water	−0.0002~0.0005
Acosta; et al. [41]	Unknown	E-TekELAT-DS	Unknown	−2~0
Koido; et al. [45]	X-ray CT, pore network model	Toray 060	Water	−0.01~0
Rensink; et al. [47]	Gravimetrical saturation measurement, VOF	Toray 060	Water	0~0.05
Sole and Ellis [60]	Volume-controlled method	Toray 090 with 0%/10%/20%/30% PTFE	Water	0~0.02
Gallagher; et al. [46]	Modified MSP	MRC, Toray 060	Water	0~0.025
Harkness; et al. [49]	Volume-controlled method	Toray 060	Water	−0.028~0.049
Hao and Cheng [53]	Volume-controlled method, LBM	Toray 090 with 10%/30%PTFE	Water	−0.015~0.015