Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Other Characteristics of Extra Virgin Olive Oils from Italian Autochthonous Varieties Tonda di Villacidro, Tonda di Cagliari, Semidana, and Bosana

Table 6

Phenolic compounds isolated from Tonda di Villacidro, Tonda di Cagliari, Semidana, and Bosana EVOO hydrophilic fraction.

Compounds	Tonda di Villacidro				Tonda di Cagliari				Semidana				Bosana
	(mg/kg)				(mg/kg)				(mg/kg)				(mg/kg)
	Min	Max	Mean	±SD	Min	Max	Mean	±SD	Min	Max	Mean	±SD	Min	Max	Mean	±SD
Hydroxytyrosol	tr	2.7	0.4	0.9	0.6	12.8	2.4	3.6	tr	7.5	2.1	2.6	3.4	26.9	9.0	8.6
Tyrosol	nd	2.5	1.2	1.0	0.3	12.2	5.3	3.2	tr	8.8	4.5	2.9	11.8	36.7	22.5	11.6
Vanillic acid	nd	nd	nd		tr	0.8	0.3	0.2	0.3	3.9	1.3	1.4	tr	1.6	0.6	0.3
p-Coumaric acid	nd	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.3	0.2	0.0	4.6	1.5	1.8	tr	3.2	0.4	0.4
3,4-DHPEA-EDA	0.4	19.7	6.8	7.4	0.4	1.9	1.0	0.7	3.3	22.0	11.6	7.9	2.0	67.6	9.8	13.3
Pinoresinol	nd	nd	nd		nd	nd	nd		tr	32.3	12.4	14.0	4.1	22.9	9.8	7.6
p-HPEA-EDA	3.4	23.3	10.3	7.9	0.5	31.0	10.6	10.5	2.5	29.2	13.6	9.8	11.2	66.4	35.8	19.9
Luteolin	1.0	4.4	2.5	1.8	2.1	16.1	5.5	3.3	2.3	4.5	3.4	1.0	0.2	7.1	2.8	1.7
Acetoxypinoresinol	2.3	8.4	5.4	2.5	nd	nd	nd		0.5	17.4	8.4	6.4	tr	10.7	5.3	3.3
3,4-HPEA-EA	0.3	5.1	2.2	1.7	1.6	40.7	14.8	14.6	1.0	73.2	20.8	25.7	22.3	145.0	84.7	55.4
Apigenin	0.9	6.1	2.0	2.0	1.1	6.5	1.9	1.4	0.6	5.9	1.0	2.0	0.2	2.1	0.8	0.4

Min = minimal value; Max = maximal value; mean = average value; SD = standard deviation; nd = not detected (<LOD); identification based on RT and UV-Vis spectra of pure compounds; tentative identification by UV-Vis spectra and comparison of retention times with the literature data; 3,4-DHPEA-EDA, dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl elenolic acid linked to hydroxytyrosol (decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone); p-HPEA-EDA, dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl elenolic acid linked to tyrosol (decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycone); 3,4-DHPEA-EA, oleuropein aglycone.