Risk Evaluation of Pyrolyzed Biochar from Multiple Wastes

Table 3

Identified concentration of toxic organic and inorganic compounds in biochars.

Feedstock	Pyrolysis temp (°C)	Concentration of toxic elements	Reference
Green waste compost and hardwood	—	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, PAH	[28]
Pitch pine wood	450 to 1000	40 PAH	[25]
Paper mill sludge	200, 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr	[106]
Beech wood	400	Cu, Zn, Ni, B, 18 PAH	[32]
Municipal solid waste	400, 500, and 600	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr	[43]
WWTP sewage sludge	500	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, co, Mn	[61]
Rice hull	500	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd	[56]
Wheat straw, poplar wood and spruce wood	400, 460, and 525	16 PAH	[30]
MWWTP dewatered sewage sludge	600	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr	[46]
Municipal solid waste, rice straw and wood (Chinese fir) sawdust	300	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr	[27]
WWTP sludge	550	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr	[63]
MSS, paper mill sludge and slaughterhouse sludge	550 and 750	Cu, Zn, Cr	[24]
WWTP sewage sludge	500	16 PAH	[107]
MWWTP digested sludge	350, 500, 650, 800, and 900	Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Mn	[108]
Rice straw and bamboo	550 and 750	Cu, Zn, Pb	[23]

MSS, municipal sewage sludge; MWWTP, municipal wastewater treatment plant; WWTP, wastewater treatment plant.