Research Article

Enhancing Activity of Pd-Based/rGO Catalysts by Al-Si-Na Addition in Ethanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Medium

Table 2

ICP-OES results of Pd/rGO-based catalysts reduced by EG and NaBH4.

CatalystsElemental mass fraction by ICP-OES measurementTheoretical elemental mass fraction
Pd (%)Other metal (%)Pd (%)Other metals (%)

PG.E8.5328.57
PNG.E7.512.52 (Na)26.407.61 (Na)
PAG.E8.032.33 (Al)26.407.61 (Al)
PSG.E7.862.54 (Si)26.407.61 (Si)
PASG.E8.340.34 (Al);27.201.36 (Al);
2.15 (Si)3.42 (Si)
PASGN.E7.572.40 (Na);25.237.25 (Na);
0.27 (Al);1.26 (Al);
2.30 (Si)3.15 (Si)
PG.N9.710.15 (Na)28.57
PNG.N9.212.72 (Na)26.407.61 (Na)
PASG.N8.780.34 (Al);27.201.36 (Al);
2.41 (Si);3.42 (Si)
0.12 (Na)
PASGN.N8.542.62 (Na);25.237.25 (Na);
0.29 (Al);1.26 (Al);
1.83 (Si)3.15 (Si)