Subcritical Water Extraction of Antioxidants from Curculigo latifolia Root
Table 1
Extraction yields, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of C. latifolia root extracts by subcritical water extraction (SWE) at different extraction conditions.
Temperature (°C)
Time (min)
Yield (g/100 g)
TPC (mg GAE/g)
TFC (mg RE/g)
100
30
18.4 ± 0.31a
34.43 ± 0.25a
5.72 ± 0.81b
100
60
15.3 ± 0.15b
39.61 ± 0.13a
8.5 ± 2.24a
100
90
14.2 ± 0.11b
38.79 ± 0.14a
9.79 ± 1.17a
100
120
15.5 ± 0.32b
40.75 ± 0.55a
8.3 ± 0.92a
150
30
25.35 ± 0.68a
72.89 ± 1.14a
7.83 ± 0.38b
150
60
20.0 ± 0.52b
68.37 ± 4.79ab
6.99 ± 0.51b
150
90
19.5 ± 1.41b
61.47 ± 1.13b
11.1 ± 0.52a
150
120
21.8 ± 0.38b
64.60 ± 3.22ab
10.4 ± 0.28a
180
30
36.5 ± 0.91a
92.55 ± 2.83a
13.26 ± 0.3a
180
60
31.4 ± 0.55b
78.79 ± 0.69b
11.05 ± 1.3ab
180
90
22.6 ± 0.49c
66.60 ± 0.57c
8.68 ± 0.44b
180
120
23.5 ± 0.11c
48.58 ± 0.57d
9.08 ± 0.3b
200
30
14.0 ± 0.26b
84.65 ± 1.97a
7.8 ± 0.44b
200
60
16.0 ± 1.48a
87.97 ± 0.13a
10.71 ± 0.4a
200
90
16.5 ± 0.52a
86.39 ± 2.01a
8.52 ± 0.5ab
200
120
12.0 ± 0.07c
68.75 ± 0.76b
9.86 ± 0.26ab
The values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Different letters in the same column indicate that the means differ significantly by the Tukey test (). TPC: total phenolic content; TFC: total flavonoid content; GAE: gallic acid equivalents; RE: rutin equivalents.