SAR and Computer-Aided Drug Design Approaches in the Discovery of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Activators: A Perspective

Table 1

Current treatment against Type 2 diabetes mellitus.*

Compounds	Examples	Mechanism	Adverse effects
Secretagogues (sulfonylureas, nonsulfonylureas)	Glibenclamide, meglitinide	Increase of insulin secretion	Hypoglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, weight gain, and vomiting
Biguanides	Metformin	Decrease of hepatic; glucose output	Diarrhoea, vomiting, and lactic acidosis
α-Glucosidase inhibitors	Acarbose miglitol, voglibose	Inhibition of carbohydrate absorption	Flatulence, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain
GLP1, GIP, and DPP IV	Exenatide, LAF-237; Liraglutide, CJ-1131,	Incretin effect improvement of β-cell function	Vomiting, nausea
Thiazolidinediones	Pioglitazone, and Rosiglitazone	PPARγ activation	Weight gain, oedema

 *Modified from [2].