Model Predictive Engine Air-Ratio Control Using Online Sequential Relevance Vector Machine

Table 2

Training and updating time of different lambda models.

Lambda model	Training time (s)	Average updating time (s)	Cumulative updating time (s)
𝑅𝑀^∗(𝐱)	1.52	0.08	0.71
𝐷𝑀^∗(𝐱)	2.02	0.52	4.70
𝑁𝑁^∗(𝐱)	3.52	0.92	8.27