Review Article
Effects of GLP-1 and Incretin-Based Therapies on Gastrointestinal Motor Function
Table 1
Summary of motor effects of GLP-1 and incretin-based therapies on the gastrointestinal tract.
| | Gastric motility (delayed gastric emptying) | Small intestinal motility (delayed small intestinal transit) | Large intestinal motility (delayed colonic transit) |
| Endogenous GLP-1 (physiological dose) | One positive study [73] | No studies available | No studies available | Exogenous GLP-1 (pharmacological dose) | Strong evidence in human studies; healthy [16], obese [69], type 2 diabetic [12], critically ill [70] | Positive evidence in animal studies [74, 75]. Positive effect on fasting motility in humans [76] | Positive evidence in animal studies [77]. Only indirect evidence in humans [78, 79]. | GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., exenatide, liraglutide) | Strong evidence with exenatide (healthy) [80], (type 2 diabetes) [80ā82]. Some evidence with liraglutide [83, 84] | No studies available | No studies available | DPP-4 inhibitors (e.g., sitagliptin, vildagliptin) | Positive evidence with animal studies only [85] | No studies available | No studies available |
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