Cardiac Autonomic Imbalance in Newly Diagnosed and Established Diabetes Is Associated with Markers of Adipose Tissue Inflammation

Table 3

Adipokines in study subjects.

Measurement	Controls	Newly diagnosed T2D	Established T2D	𝑃 value
	(𝑛=15)	(𝑛=15)	(𝑛=15)
IL-6 (pg/mL)	2.84±0.68	11.58±2.83	12.04±1.20	<0.0001^#
	(𝑛=14)		(𝑛=12)
TNF-α (pg/mL)	9.32±2.18	9.14±1.15	27.93±15.4	NS
	(𝑛=14)		(𝑛=12)
PAI-1 (ng/mL)	3.05±0.56	5.23±0.76	6.41±1.36	0.0305*
Total adiponectin (mg/mL)	6.76±0.78	7.48±1.11	8.91±2.3	NS
High molecular weight adiponectin (𝜇g/mL)	1.78±0.26	2.33±0.60	2.71±1.54	NS
Leptin (ng/mL)	28.66±7.93	46.87±7.96	55.93±11.39	NS
TA/L ratio	1.17±0.76	0.24±0.05	0.53±0.32	0.0340*
HMWA/L ratio	0.49±0.40	0.07±0.02	0.26±0.22	0.0442^#

Data are presented as means±SE. NS, not significant. *Established T2D versus controls/newly diagnosed T2D. ^#Newly diagnosed/established T2D versus controls. IL-6: interleukin 6; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; PAI: plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; TA/L: total adiponectin/leptin ratio; HMWA/L: high molecular weight adiponectin/leptin ratio.