Variations of Lipoprotein(a) Levels in the Metabolic Syndrome: A Report from the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study

Table 6

Logistic regression models of risk factors for high serum Lp(a) concentration. The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study, 2013.

	Model 1*				Model 2**		Model 3***
	Crude odds ratio; (CI 95%^a)	𝑃^b	Adjusted odds ratio; (CI 95%^a)	𝑃^b	Adjusted odds ratio; (CI 95%^a)	𝑃^b	Adjusted odds ratio; (CI 95%^a)	𝑃^b
Age group (years)
<20	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
20–29	1.18 (0.77–1.80)	0.46	1.28 (0.72–2.27)	0.40	1.21 (0.68–2.15)	0.53	1.27 (0.71–2.25)	0.42
30–39	1.72 (1.11–2.67)	0.02	1.86 (1.01–3.45)	0.05	1.58 (0.85–2.95)	0.15	1.78 (0.96–3.32)	0.07
40–49	2.78 (1.82–4.24)	<0.01	2.97 (1.63–5.43)	<0.01	2.51 (1.36–4.64)	<0.01	2.83 (1.53–5.21)	<0.01
50–59	2.42 (1.56–3.75)	<0.01	2.78 (1.48–5.22)	<0.01	2.14 (1.12–4.08)	0.02	2.54 (1.34–4.82)	<0.01
≥60	3.80 (2.38–6.06)	<0.01	3.91 (1.97–7.76)	<0.01	3.40 (1.67–6.91)	<0.01	3.93 (1.94–7.96)	<0.01
High waist circumference (%)^¶
Absent	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
Present	1.77 (1.40–2.23)	<0.01	0.89 (0.62–1.27)	0.52	0.82 (0.56–1.18)	0.28	0.89 (0.62–1.28)	0.53
High blood pressure (%)^¶
Absent	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
Present	1.64 (1.35–1.99)	<0.01	1.24 (0.92–1.65)	0.15	1.23 (0.91–1.65)	0.18	1.24 (0.92–1.67)	0.16
Low HDL-C (%)^¶
Absent	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
Present	1.22 (1.00–1.48)	0.05	1.07 (0.82–1.41)	0.61	1.12 (0.85–1.48)	0.43	1.09 (0.82–1.43)	0.56
High TAG (%)^¶
Absent	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
Present	1.54 (1.25–1.91)	<0.01	1.37 (1.01–1.86)	0.05	1.30 (0.95–1.79)	0.10	1.38 (1.00–1.88)	0.05
hs-CRP (mg/L)
<0.25	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
0.25–0.61	1.10 (0.81–1.50)	0.53	1.03 (0.75–1.41)	0.87	1.01 (0.73–1.40)	0.96	1.02 (0.74–1.40)	0.92
≥0.62	1.75 (1.30–2.36)	<0.01	1.48 (1.08–2.04)	0.02	1.55 (1.12–2.14)	<0.01	1.52 (1.10–2.09)	0.01
High basal glycemia¶
Absent	1.00	—	1.00	—	—	—	—	—
Present	1.06 (0.86–1.31)	0.58	0.73 (0.54–0.98)	0.04	—	—	—	—
Glycemic status
Normoglycemia	1.00	—	—	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
Impaired fasting glucose	0.96 (0.76–1.21)	0.71	—	—	0.69 (0.48–0.98)	0.04	0.71 (0.50–0.99)	0.05
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	1.37 (0.98–1.93)	0.07	—	—	0.67 (0.41–1.10)	0.11	0.66 (0.41–1.07)	0.09
LDL-C (mg/dL)
<100.67	1.00	—	—	—	1.00	—	—	—
100.67–131.99	1.43 (1.11–1.83)	<0.01	—	—	1.31 (0.93–1.84)	0.12	—	—
≥132.0	2.21 (1.74–2.82)	<0.01	—	—	2.09 (1.49–2.93)	<0.01	—	—
Corrected LDL-C (mg/dL)
<93.2	1.00	—	—	—	—	—	1.00	—
93.2–123.61	1.11 (0.87–1.42)	0.39	—	—	—	—	0.94 (0.67–1.31)	0.70
≥123.62	1.42 (1.12–1.80)	<0.01	—	—	—	—	1.20 (0.86–1.67)	0.28

¶IDF/AHA/NHLBI/WHF/IASO-2009.
^aConfidence interval (95%). ^bLevel of significance.
*Model 1: Adjusted by gender, ethnic group, and age group. Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and hs-CRP tertiles.
**Model 2: similar adjustment, with the addition of specific glycemic status and LDL-C tertiles.
***Model 3: similar adjustment, with corrected LDL-C tertiles.