Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels Are Correlated with the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy

Table 2

Clinical and laboratory features of type 2 diabetic patients with and without retinopathy. Values are means (±SD) or number (%).

	NO DR (𝑛=34)	NPDR (𝑛=34)	PDR (𝑛=49)	𝑃 value
Age (years)	59.4±10.2	61.3±10.1	59.2±12.7	0.716
Sex (M/F)	20/14	22/12	21/28	0.964
Systolic BP (mmHg)	134.29±12.41	129.77±9.18	131.78±6.70	0.268
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	85.77±3.91	81.78±2.47	83.68±2.35	0.219
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	11.55±1.61	11.66±1.23	10.79±2.15	0.254
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	7.32±1.32	7.49±0.81	7.15±1.56	0.288
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	6.63±0.89	6.46±0.79	6.31±0.61	0.421
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.21±0.44	2.31±0.57	2.39±0.77	0.216
BMI (kg/m^2)	32.3±9.1	32.7±7.3	33.1±5.9	0.684
Insulin (𝜇U/mL)	10.70±3.13	12.08±4.18	16.47±4.59	0.076
HOMA-IR	2.96±0.77	3.18±0.60	3.25±1.13	0.116
HbA1c (%)	7.7±1.2	8.1±0.3	8.3±1.7	0.638
FPG (mmol/L)	7.52±1.23	7.78±1.38	7.68±1.27	0.087
Macrovascular disease	6 (14%)	14 (33%)	19 (44%)	<0.001
FGF21* (pg/mL)	326.8 ± 81.6^*#	631.9 ± 73.8^†	669.4±89.2	<0.001

Bonferroni-adjusted 𝑡-test: ^∗𝑃=0.01 compared with nonproliferative DR (NPDR), ^#𝑃=0.001 compared with proliferative DR (PDR), and ^†𝑃=0.671 compared with PDR.