Therapeutic Benefit of Extended Thymosin β4 Treatment Is Independent of Blood Glucose Level in Mice with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Figure 5

Effect of Tβ4 on DRG neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell proliferation and migration. Panels (a) to (d) show NF-H immunoreactive nondiabetic DRG neurons cultured in conditioned medium harvested from Schwann cells cultured with normal glucose (N, (a)), high glucose (H, (b)), high glucose with Tβ4 (+, 100 ng/mL, (c)), and Tβ4 with antibody against Tie2 (+Tie, 5 μg/mL, (d)). Panels (e) to (g) show NF-H immunoreactive diabetic DRG neurons cultured in conditioned medium harvested from Schwann cells cultured with normal glucose (N, (e)), normal glucose with Tβ4 (, (f)), and Tβ4 with antibody against Tie2 (+Tie, (g)). Panels (h) to (l) show BrdU immunoreactive Schwann cells cultured in normal glucose (h), high glucose (i), high glucose with Tβ4 (j), Tβ4 with anti-Tie2 (k), and high glucose with Ang1 (l). Panel (m) shows quantitative data of neurite outgrowth from DRG neurons. Panel (n) shows quantitative data of the percentage of BrdU immunoreactive Schwann cells. Panel (o) shows quantitative data of migration cells assayed by a modified Boyden chamber. Bar in  μm.  μm. and versus the normal glucose (N) and high glucose (H) and versus high glucose or normal glucose with Tβ4 group, respectively. /group.

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